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Filsafat suatu ilmu pengetahuan yang bertujuan untuk mencari kebenaran dengan berpikir secara mendalam, radikal dan mencapai hakekat. Berpikir filsafat adalah kegiatan yang dilakukan kritis dan radikal dengan tujuan untuk memperoleh pengetahuan yang mendasar dan mencapai unsur yang hakiki. Dapat disimpulkan bahwa bermanfaat untuk menganalisa dan mencari solusi dari permasalahan yang ada sesuai dengan realita, serta solusi itu bisa direalisasikan. Filsafat dibutuhkan manusia dalam upaya menjawab pertanyaan yang timbul dalam berbagai lapangan kehidupan manusia. Karena pembatasan itu, ilmu pengetahuan tidak dapat menjawab pertanyaan-pertanyaan tentang keseluruhan manusia. Untuk mengatasi masalah ini, ilmu-ilmu pengetahuan membutuhkan filsafat. Dalam hal inilah filsafat menjadi hal yang penting Buku ini membahas tentang Filsafat dan Ilmu Pengetahuan, Peranan Filsafat dalam Pengembangan Ilmu Pengatahuan, Sejarah Perkembangan dan Pemikiran Filsafat, Perkembangan Pemikiran Filsafat, Epistemologi Ekonomi Islam, Penerapan Ilmu Ekonomi Islam, Dsb.
This paper investigates the impact of commodity price shocks on financial sector fragility. Using a large sample of 71 commodity exporters among emerging and developing economies, it shows that negative shocks to commodity prices tend to weaken the financial sector, with larger shocks having more pronounced impacts. More specifically, negative commodity price shocks are associated with higher non-performing loans, bank costs and banking crises, while they reduce bank profits, liquidity, and provisions to nonperforming loans. These adverse effects tend to occur in countries with poor quality of governance, weak fiscal space, as well as those that do not have a sovereign wealth fund, do not implement macro-prudential policies and do not have a diversified export base. These findings are robust to a battery of robustness checks.
The rapid growth of Islamic banking has attracted much attention lately in the economic literature. At the same time, a mature body of the literature has shown that financial development is broadly conducive to economic growth, which raises the question as to whether a similar conclusion holds for Islamic banking. Against this backdrop, this paper investigates the relationship between Islamic banking development and economic growth in a sample of low and middle income countries, using data over the period 1990-2010. The results show that, notwithstanding its relatively small size compared to the economy and the overall size of the financial system, Islamic banking is positively associated with economic growth even after controlling for various determinants, including the level of financial depth. The results are robust across across different specifications, sample composition and time periods.
Advanced machining processes has significant contributions to the manufacturing industries, especially since many new invented materials have advanced properties, which are difficult to machine using conventional machining processes. Therefore, advanced machining processes take a lead in dealing with these types of material. This book focuses on electrical machining and electrical dressing processes. Chapter 1 explains the electrochemical machining (ECM), includes process parameters that involved in the ECM processes. Chapter 2 deals with another advanced machining process, i.e. electro-discharge machining (EDM). Several process parameters that contribute to the EDM processes are also discussed. Electrical dressing is described in Chapter 3 as a special application of ECM and EDM. Finally, other types of non-conventional machining are explained in Chapter 4. [UGM Press, UGM, Gadjah Mada University Press]
Biography and thoughts of Ahmad Rifa'i bin Muhammad Marhum bin Abi Sujak, 1786-1870?, an Indonesian ulama and the founder of Tarjumah teaching.