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Philosophy Bridging the World Religions
This is the fifth and last volume of the EXPO-Discourses of the World Religions (World Exposition EXPO 2000, Hannover, Germany). The series aims at a deeper understanding of the similarities and differences between Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam in their theological and philosophical propositions. It sees in philosophy a bridge between the religions and a means to overcome religious hostility and fundamentalism and to further the dialogue of the religions.
Religious Pluralism in Christian and Islamic Philosophy
The philosophy of religion and theology are related to the culture in which they have developed. These disciplines provide a source of values and vision to the cultures of which they are part, while at the same time they are delimited and defined by their cultures. This book compares the ideas of two contemporary philosophers, John Hick and Seyyed Hossein Nasr, on the issues of religion, religions, the concept of the ultimate reality, and the notion of sacred knowledge. On a broader level, it compares two world-views: the one formed by Western Christian culture, which is religious in intention but secular in essence; the other Islamic, formed through the assimilation of traditional wisdom, which is turned against the norms of secular culture and is thus religious both in intention and essence.
The Origin and the Overcoming of Evil and Suffering in the World Religions
All religions face the challenge of explaining, in view of God's goodness, the existence of evil and suffering in the world. They must develop theories of the origin and the overcoming of evil and suffering. The explanations in Buddhism, Christianity, Hinduism, Islam, and Judaism of evil and suffering and their origin, as well as these world religions' theories of how to overcome evil and suffering, differ from one another, but are also similar in many respects. The human person is always considered to be the origin of evil, and also to be the focus of aspirations to be able to overcome it. The conviction that evil and suffering are not original and can be overcome is characteristic of and c...
Debates on Islam and Knowledge in Malaysia and Egypt
This book is a comparative study of the sociological field in two different Muslim societies: Malaysia and Egypt. It analyses the process of the production of 'knowledge' through the example of the modern 'Islamization of knowledge debate' and local empirical variations.
Western and Eastern Perspectives on Religion and Religiosity
The concept of religiosity is a highly individual aspect of religion. The understanding of it was shaped in Protestant circles in the Western context and it has inspired a huge body of research and further developments in theology, as well as in religious education. However, both charismatic movements within Christianity and orthopractic religious traditions such as Islam raise the question of whether an individualized account of religiosity is able to grasp the spectrum of lived religion comprehensively. Furthermore, with increasing globalization, even Asian worldviews like Hinduism or Buddhism are part of daily experience and have expanded the notion of what can be perceived of as religion. These changes were discussed at the international conference ‘Religiosity in East and West: Conceptual and Methodological Challenges’ at the University of Münster, Germany, from 25 to 27 June 2019. With this volume of conference proceedings we pay special attention to the most significant conference contributions relevant to religious education and practical theology.
The Concept of God, the Origin of the World, and the Image of the Human in the World Religions
All religions make statements about God or the Absolute and about "the beginning": about the beginning of the world and the beginning and nature of the human person. Propositions about God, the human person, and the world, statements about God's eternity or process of becoming, about the status and nature of the human person as the "image of God", and about the beginning of the world are woven into "religious speculations about the beginning". The theology, anthropology, and cosmology of the world religions determine the image of the human person and the image of the world in the world cultures shaped by the different religions. They stand in a tense relationship with the anthropologies and cosmologies of modern science, which in turn challenge the religions to deepen their image of the human person. With this volume leading thinkers of Hinduism, Buddhism, Judaism, Christianity, and Islam provide the reader with a first-hand source for understanding the five world religions and their teaching about God, the human person, and the origin of the world.
Religious Diversity in Contemporary Shi‘i Thought: The Views of Ayatollah ‘Abdollah Javadi-Amoli and Professor Mahmoud Ayoub
The question of religious diversity and the related issues of validity, truth, and salvation can immensely impact our lives in the modern closely-knit global society: they may help improve or ruin the relationships between faith communities. In the context of Christianity, these issues have led to the emergence of three types of theology: exclusivism, inclusivism, and pluralism. This book analyses the views of two contemporary Shi'i thinkers, Ayatollah 'Abdullah Javadi-Amoli and Professor Mahmoud Mustafa Ayoub, who have tried to deal with the challenges posed by the above three types of theology from an Islamic perspective. The book discusses, among other things, the impact of the social and educational backgrounds of these two thinkers on their research methodologies, particularly, their ways of interpreting the Qur'an. Since both thinkers are nterested in the question of dialogue between people of different faiths, this inquiry also highlights the views of Ayoub and Javadi-Amoli on the question of dialogue, its common ground, goals, conditions, and presuppositions.
Forging Ideal Muslim Subjects
What forms can a religiously informed, ethical Muslim life take? This book presents two important accounts of ideal Muslim subjectivity, one by 9th century moral pedagogue, al-Harith al-Muhasibi (d. 857) and the other by 20th century Kurdish Quran scholar, Said Nursi (d. 1960). It reconstructs Muhasibi’s and Nursi’s accounts of ideal Muslim consciousness and analyzes the discursive practices implicated in its formation and expression. The book discusses the range of psychic states and ethical relations that Muhasibi and Nursi consider critical for living an authentically Muslim life. It highlights the importance of discursive practices in Muslim religious and moral self-production. The a...
Unity and Diversity in Contemporary Muslim Thought
This volume brings together ten articles on contemporary Muslim thought written by authors from Europe and the Middle East, who are specialized in the fields of Islamic theology, Islamic studies and Political Sciences. The scope of the contributions is limited by two aspects: each contribution focuses either on the thought of a contemporaneous Muslim theologian, whose creative period came after 1950 or on a Muslim stream that is relevant today. Second, the contributions also consider the interdependence between theological debates and the larger context in which they take place. The issues addressed here are diverse in nature and the approaches adopted are various, but they are united in giving testimony to the continuing existence of plurality in Muslim theology. This volume will be especially useful for students and scholars of Islamic theology, Islamic studies, and contemporary Muslim thought, as well as the history of ideas.
