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Concepts of Materials Science
All technologies depend on the availability of suitable materials. The progress of civilisation is often measured by the materials people have used, from the stone age to the silicon age. Engineers exploit the relationships between the structure, properties and manufacturing methods of a material to optimise their design and production for particular applications. Scientists seek to understand and predict those relationships. This short book sets out fundamental concepts that underpin the science of materials and emphasizes their relevance to mainstream chemistry, physics and biology. These include the thermodynamic stability of materials in various environments, quantum behaviour governing ...
Electronic Structure of Materials
This book describes the modern real-space approach to electronic structures and properties of crystalline and non-crystalline materials in a form readily accessible to undergraduates in materials science, physics, and chemistry. - ;This book describes the modern real-space approach to electronic structures and properties of crystalline and non-crystalline materials in a form readily accessible to undergraduates in materials science, physics, and chemistry. -
Introduction to the Physics of Electron Emission
A practical, in-depth description of the physics behind electron emission physics and its usage in science and technology Electron emission is both a fundamental phenomenon and an enabling component that lies at the very heart of modern science and technology. Written by a recognized authority in the field, with expertise in both electron emission physics and electron beam physics, An Introduction to Electron Emission provides an in-depth look at the physics behind thermal, field, photo, and secondary electron emission mechanisms, how that physics affects the beams that result through space charge and emittance growth, and explores the physics behind their utilization in an array of applicat...
Stochastic Dynamics of Crystal Defects
This thesis is concerned with establishing a rigorous, modern theory of the stochastic and dissipative forces on crystal defects, which remain poorly understood despite their importance in any temperature dependent micro-structural process such as the ductile to brittle transition or irradiation damage. The author first uses novel molecular dynamics simulations to parameterise an efficient, stochastic and discrete dislocation model that allows access to experimental time and length scales. Simulated trajectories are in excellent agreement with experiment. The author also applies modern methods of multiscale analysis to extract novel bounds on the transport properties of these many body systems. Despite their successes in coarse graining, existing theories are found unable to explain stochastic defect dynamics. To resolve this, the author defines crystal defects through projection operators, without any recourse to elasticity. By rigorous dimensional reduction, explicit analytical forms are derived for the stochastic forces acting on crystal defects, allowing new quantitative insight into the role of thermal fluctuations in crystal plasticity.
Informatics and Management Science III
The International Conference on Informatics and Management Science (IMS) 2012 will be held on November 16-19, 2012, in Chongqing, China, which is organized by Chongqing Normal University, Chongqing University, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Nanyang Technological University, University of Michigan, Chongqing University of Arts and Sciences, and sponsored by National Natural Science Foundation of China (NSFC). The objective of IMS 2012 is to facilitate an exchange of information on best practices for the latest research advances in a range of areas. Informatics and Management Science contains over 600 contributions to suggest and inspire solutions and methods drawing from multiple disciplines including: Computer Science Communications and Electrical Engineering Management Science Service Science Business Intelligence
A Mind Over Matter
A Mind Over Matter is a biography of the Nobel Prize-winning theoretical physicist, Philip W. Anderson. Anderson is widely regarded as one of the most accomplished and influential physicists of the second half of the twentieth century. Unlike the physicists who appear on television or write popular books, Anderson studied the physics of the very many, i.e., the science of how vast numbers of atoms conspire together to create everything from liquid water to sparkling diamonds, and from semiconductors (essential for cell phones and computers) to superconductors (essential for MRI machines). More than any other single person, Anderson transformed the patchwork field of solid-state physics into the intellectually coherent discipline now called condensed matter physics. He developed important concepts that transcended physics, and influenced the scientifically literate public through his essays and articles. Book jacket.
Kinetics of Materials
A classroom-tested textbook providing a fundamental understandingof basic kinetic processes in materials This textbook, reflecting the hands-on teaching experience of itsthree authors, evolved from Massachusetts Institute of Technology'sfirst-year graduate curriculum in the Department of MaterialsScience and Engineering. It discusses key topics collectivelyrepresenting the basic kinetic processes that cause changes in thesize, shape, composition, and atomistic structure of materials.Readers gain a deeper understanding of these kinetic processes andof the properties and applications of materials. Topics are introduced in a logical order, enabling students todevelop a solid foundation before a...
Physics of Elasticity and Crystal Defects
This textbook is a modern take on an old subject at the heart of materials physics. Properties of crystalline materials are almost always controlled by structural defects within them. Until relatively recently these defects were studied theoretically using continuum elasticity theory which ignores the atomic structure of the host material. This book introduces the concepts of elasticity in the traditional continuum way and also in terms of atomic interactions. It goes on to present point (impurities, missing atoms), line (dislocations) and planar (faults, cracks) defects at both the continuum level and the atomic level. This novel approach will be new to most engineers and it will appeal to physicists. There are exercises for the student to work through, with complete solutions free to course instructors from the OUP website.
Microstructure of Martensite
Martensites are crystalline solids that display dazzling patterns at the microscopic scales. This microstructure gives rise to unusual macroscopic properties like the shape-memory effect. Starting with the crystalline structure, this book describes a theoretical framework for studying martensites and uses the theory to explain why these materials form microstructure. The macrostructure consequences of the microstructure are subsequently discussed. Complete with a piece of shape-memory wire and numerous examples from real materials, this book represents a successful case study in multiscale modeling, giving a clear understanding of the link between microstructure and macrostructure properties. Beautifully written, in a most clear and pedagogical manner, it holds appeal for a broad audience. On the one hand, it introduces modern modeling techniques to those trained in materials science, mechanics and physics and shows how these techniques can be used in real-world problems. On the other hand, it introduces physical phenomena to those trained in mathematics, and demonstrates how such phenomena give rise to interesting mathematical problems.
