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This book is the standard reference based on roughly 20 years of research on atmospheric rivers, emphasizing progress made on key research and applications questions and remaining knowledge gaps. The book presents the history of atmospheric-rivers research, the current state of scientific knowledge, tools, and policy-relevant (science-informed) problems that lend themselves to real-world application of the research—and how the topic fits into larger national and global contexts. This book is written by a global team of authors who have conducted and published the majority of critical research on atmospheric rivers over the past years. The book is intended to benefit practitioners in the fields of meteorology, hydrology and related disciplines, including students as well as senior researchers.
The book presents a comprehensive and original analysis from a Brazilian perspective of both traditional and emerging topics related to the so-called “El Dorados of the 21st century”: Amazonia and Antarctica. By gathering distinguished scholars, the resulting set of high-level findings, stemming from multiple epistemological standpoints, provides important and innovative insights into the wide-ranging geopolitical impacts of issues concerning these unique strategic ecosystems to the contemporary international environment. The result is a sophisticated response to the following questions: what were, are, and will be the contributions of Brazilian geopolitical thinking on these two themes? Additionally , from this intellectual exercise, how do we interpret the role of Antarctica and Amazonia in shaping the current asymmetrical transnational architecture of power?
This book explores the challenges climate change poses to the endurance of democracy, situating this theme within the context of the decline in global freedom documented since the early 21st century. It discusses how disaster events have historically affected human reasoning and agency and how the climate crisis is likely to influence democratic development in the future. Climate extreme events can provide opportunities for autocratic leaders to curtail rights and freedoms, but they can also create critical junctures where the social and political discourse within society is reshaped and where incumbent regimes are contested. The book illustrates how climate change may generate food insecuri...
Covers receipts and expenditures of appropriations and other funds.
At present, less than 30% of researchers worldwide are women. Long-standing biases and gender stereotypes are discouraging girls and women away from science-related fields, and STEM research in particular. Science and gender equality are, however, essential to ensure sustainable development as highlighted by UNESCO. In order to change traditional mindsets, gender equality must be promoted, stereotypes defeated, and girls and women should be encouraged to pursue STEM careers.
Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series, Volume 200. Trajectory-based (“Lagrangian”) atmospheric transport and dispersion modeling has gained in popularity and sophistication over the previous several decades. It is common practice now for researchers around the world to apply Lagrangian models to a wide spectrum of issues. Lagrangian Modeling of the Atmosphere is a comprehensive volume that includes sections on Lagrangian modeling theory, model applications, and tests against observations. Published by the American Geophysical Union as part of the Geophysical Monograph Series. Comprehensive coverage of trajectory-based atmospheric dispersion modeling Important overview of a widely used modeling tool Sections look at modeling theory, application of models, and tests against observations
The Atlantic Ocean is the second-largest of the world's oceanic divisions. It is bounded by the continents of America, Europe and Africa and at its pole wards margins by the Arctic and the Southern Oceans. Different climatic patterns can be observed along its large latitudinal domain, which extends from the equator to sub-polar regions. Thus, different tropical and extra-tropical meteorological systems may have some influence on the characterization of precipitation regimes observed surrounding the basin, such as the Intertropical Convergence Zone (ITCZ), tropical monsoon systems, westerly storm tracks and atmospheric rivers. The subtropical regions of the Azores and South Atlantic high pres...
Our understanding of hazards and disasters is rapidly changing, and it is unclear as to whether our existing management systems are adequate to adapt to current and future disasters. Thoroughly updated to include the latest research in the hazards and disasters field, U.S. Emergency Management in the 21st Century continues the tradition of giving readers access to exemplary case studies drawn from a wide variety of hazards and applied fields. NEW TO THE SECOND EDITION Discussion on COVID-19 pandemic and the lacking local capacity for preparedness. “Forgotten” hazards (heatwaves and coldwaves) in Phoenix, AZ and Buffalo, N.Y New challenges in hurricane preparedness and response with rapid...
Starch is the principal source of stored energy in plants, and its chemical composition varies depending on the botanical source of the starch. Starch plays a significant role in determining the structural characteristics of finished food products. "Starch: Structure, Properties, and Modifications for Food Applications" explores the comprehensive overview of the basic structure and properties of starch as well as the modification of starch with physical, chemical, and enzymatic methods. Each chapter presents an in-depth review of a specific research area updated with current research. Chapters of this book provide comprehensive information regarding starch modification, which will help to de...