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Fluency and disfluency are characteristic of online language production and may be signalled by markers such as filled and unfilled pauses, discourse markers, repeats or self-repairs, which can be said to reflect ongoing mechanisms of processing and monitoring. The Fluency & Disfluency across Languages and Language Varieties conference held at the University of Louvain in February 2017 marked the closing of a five-year research project dedicated to the multimodal and contrastive investigation of fluency and disfluency in (L1 and L2) English, French and French Belgian sign language, with a focus on variation according to language, speaker and genre. The closing conference was intended as an o...
This book offers a global history of civilian, military and gendarmerie-style policing around the First World War. Whilst many aspects of the Great War have been revisited in light of the centenary, and in spite of the recent growth of modern policing history, the role and fate of police forces in the conflict has been largely forgotten. Yet the war affected all European and extra-European police forces. Despite their diversity, all were confronted with transnational factors and forms of disorder, and suffered generally from mass-conscription. During the conflict, societies and states were faced with a crisis situation of unprecedented magnitude with mass mechanised killing on the battle fie...
This series Dissertations in Language and Cognition explores issues of mental representation, linguistic structure and representation, and their interplay. The research presented in this series is grounded in the idea explored in the Collaborative Research Center The structure of representations in language, cognition and science (SFB 991) that there is a universal format for the representation of linguistic and cognitive concepts.
Spoken language is characterized by the occurrence of linguistic devices such as discourse markers (e.g. so, well, you know, I mean) and other so-called “disfluent” phenomena, which reflect the temporal nature of the cognitive mechanisms underlying speech production and comprehension. The purpose of this book is to distinguish between strategic vs. symptomatic uses of these markers on the basis of their combination, function and distribution across several registers in English and French. Through deep quantitative and qualitative analyses of manually annotated features in the new DisFrEn corpus, this usage-based study provides (i) an exhaustive portrait of discourse markers in English and French and (ii) a scale of (dis)fluency against which different configurations of discourse markers can be diagnosed as rather fluent or disfluent. By bringing together discourse markers and (dis)fluency under one coherent framework, this book is a unique contribution to corpus-based pragmatics, discourse analysis and crosslinguistic fluency research.
This volume assembles eleven articles addressing current concerns in discourse studies from an empirical perspective. Engaging with highly topical issues, they indicate the potential of an approach to the construction of discourse via corpus-based analysis, experimentation, or combined methodologies. The subject matters of the contributions, delivered by renowned scholars and dealing with either one or several languages, range from mechanisms through which information structure, connection and discourse organization are realized, to prosody as a determinant of hierarchy and specific functions of discourse markers, as well as innovative tools for visualizing discourse structure. The resulting volume addresses scholars working in a variety of topics, who either wish to incorporate empirical methods to their research or whose work is already empirically oriented and wish to gain insight into empirical evidence on state-of-the-art discursive phenomena.
L'historiographie belge n’avait pas établi jusqu’à présent de bilan chiffré concernant les homicides attribués à la résistance durant la Seconde Guerre mondiale. Théâtre d’un embrasement de violence à l’été 1944, l’arrondissement judiciaire de Mons constitue un observatoire privilégié du phénomène. Au-delà du binôme résistance-collaboration, longtemps présenté de manière antinomique, cette recherche met au jour la complexité des faits et des comportements. Les affaires étudiées transmettent à bien des égards le cliché en négatif d’une société montoise déstructurée dans l’immédiat après-guerre. La richesse documentaire des archives du parquet m...
This volume illustrates the high potential of learner corpus investigations for research into the CAF triad by presenting eleven original learner corpus-based studies which are set within solid theoretical frameworks, examine learner corpora with state-of-the-art analytical techniques and yield highly interesting findings. The volume’s major strength lies in the range of issues it undertakes and in its interdisciplinary thematic novelty. The chapters collectively address all three dimensions of L2 performance related to different linguistic subsystems (i.e. lexical, phraseological and grammatical complexity and accuracy, along with fluency) as well as the interactions among these constructs. The studies are based on data drawn from carefully compiled learner corpora which are analysed with the help of diverse corpus-based methods. The theoretical discussions and the empirical results shall contribute to the advancement of the fields of SLA and writing and speech research and shall inspire further investigations in the area of the CAF triad.
La famille, un objet en perpétuelle évolution, révélatrice des rapports sociaux. De la résidence alternée à l'accouchement sous X, en passant par l'adoption par les couples homosexuels : la famille et ses enjeux contemporains. Collection : " À l'œil nu ". La famille est constituée par l'ensemble des personnes qui ont entre elles des liens de parenté : par filiation, par alliance, mais aussi entre générations, entre frères et sœurs, ou entre cousins. Toutes ces relations forment des systèmes qui façonnent des familles très diverses. La famille n'est pas un modèle rigide que l'on pourrait répliquer au cours du temps et dans différentes sociétés. Bien au contraire, elle e...
The contributions to this volume were written by historians, legal historians and art historians, each using his or her own methods and sources, but all concentrating on topics from the broad subject of historical legal iconography. How have the concepts of law and justice been represented in (public) art from the Late Middle Ages onwards? Justices and rulers had their courtrooms, but also churches, decorated with inspiring images. At first, the religious influence was enormous, but starting with the Early Modern Era, new symbols and allegories began appearing. Throughout history, art has been used to legitimise the act of judging, but artists have also satirised the law and the lawyers; architects and artisans have engaged in juridical and judicial projects and, in some criminal cases, convicts have even been sentenced to produce works of art. The book illustrates and contextualises the various interactions between law and justice on the one hand, and their artistic representations in paintings, statues, drawings, tapestries, prints and books on the other.
This issue of Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinics, edited by Dr. Alice Levine, is devoted to Adrenal Disease. This issue will be broken down into 3 sections: Overview of Adrenal Cortical Development, Steroidogenesis, Comparative Anatomy and Molecular Pathophysiology; Benign Adrenal Tumors; and Adrenal Cortical Carcinoma. Articles in this issue include: Adrenal Cortical Zonal Development; Adrenal Steroidogenesis and Congenital Adrenal Hyperplasia; Animal Models of Adrenocortical Tumorigenesis; Genetics of Adrenal Cortical Tumors; Adrenal Incidentalomas; Aldosteronomas – Challenges in Diagnosis and Management; Mild Hypercortisolism Due to Adrenal Adenomas – Definitions and Therapeutic Options; Management of Adrenal Tumors in Pregnancy; Pathology of ACC; Diagnosis and Medical Management of ACC; and Surgical Management of ACC.