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SOBP 2015 Abstracts
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Immunology and Psychiatry
Psychiatric disorders are one of the most dramatic burdens for humankind. The role of immune dysfunction in the pathophysiology of these disorders has emerged during the last years, because there has been tremendous progress in psychoneuroimmunological research. Many results are presented here by pioneers in the field. The book addresses various effects of the immune system on the pathophysiology and course of psychiatric disorders and highlights the possible future impact on treatment decisions of various psychiatric disorders, including schizophrenia and depression. The contributions cover the role of in utero immune challenges on the development of schizophrenia, the role of infections, and autoimmune diseases and mild immune activation in the development of depression and schizophrenia, the influence of immune responses in other disorders such as Tourette's, Alzheimer's, and OCD, the connections between mental and physical pain as well as between anti-inflammatory and antipsychotic drugs.
Psychiatry in the New Millennium
In an era where scientific advances frequently make even the most recent scientific or medical journal articles dated soon after their publication, it is more crucial than ever for practitioners to be able to effectively evaluate new information. Using the millennium as a benchmark for surveying progress in the field, this indispensable volume captures the current state of the discipline and considers its future evolution. Key chapters by some of the field's most respected practitioners consider the impact of changing conceptual, organizational, and philosophical issues, as well as of neuroscience research findings, on the shape of the discipline. The current and future relevance of psychoan...
Inflammation-Associated Depression: Evidence, Mechanisms and Implications
Inflammation has invaded the field of psychiatry. The finding that cytokines are elevated in various affective and psychotic disorders brings to the forefront the necessity of identifying the precise research domain criteria (RDoCs) that inflammation is responsible for. This task is certainly the most advanced in major depressive disorders. The reason is that a dearth of clinical and preclinical studies has demonstrated that inflammation can cause symptoms of depression and conversely, cytokine antagonists can attenuate symptoms of depression in medical and psychiatric patients with chronic low grade inflammation. Important knowledge has been gained on the symptom dimensions that inflammation is driving and the mechanisms of action of cytokines in the brain, providing new targets for drug research and development. The aim of the book “Inflammation-Associated Depression” is to present this field of research and its implications in a didactic and comprehensive manner to basic and clinical scientists, psychiatrists, physicians, and students at the graduate level.
Coping with Life Stress, volume II
This Research Topic is the second volume of the Research Topic "Coping With Life Stress". Please see the first volume here. Existing studies on coping with stress and life difficulties are very contradictory. Traditional approaches, while identifying cognitive, emotional, and behavioral aspects of coping, often confuse the modality of the strategy with its functionality and outcome. This conceptual drawback presents quite a few challenges to the study of efficient and inefficient strategies. Perception of the incongruence between modalities (cognitive, emotional, or behavioral) of a particular strategy and its functionality or organizational efforts (efficient vs. inefficient) hinders the de...
Neuroinflammation, Gut-Brain Axis and Immunity in Neuropsychiatric Disorders
This book reviews the relationship between cytokines, glia, and neurons in the pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric disorders and examines the mechanisms of action of the drugs used for the treatment of these disorders. Increasing evidence has suggested that glia perform important roles in various brain functions, but much remains to be learned about these crucial cells and their interplay with neurons. In addition, a better understanding of the interaction between inflammatory mediators, such as cytokines, and the activated immune response will be of critical importance for the development of new therapeutic strategies. These key areas are the focus of this book, which documents the latest research findings in the field. Evidence is provided for the role of inflammation-induced toxic metabolites from the tryptophan pathway in a wide range of neuropsychiatric disorders, including depression, schizophrenia, and Alzheimer's disease. In presenting state of the art knowledge on the interactions between cytokines, glia, and neurons, the book will help to pave the way for the development of novel targets for the prevention and treatment of neuropsychiatric disorders.
Understanding Depression
Depression has been a scourge of humanity since the dawn of ages. Vivid images from historical and religious texts describe sufferers of the illness we now know as depression. An “equal opportunity” illness, it exempts no one based on race, sex, creed, religion, social status, or nation of origin. It affects one in five of us and its potentially lethal outcome—suicide—is the third leading cause of death among American teenagers. What is this illness that costs us $44 billion each year? What does it look like? Is it moodiness? Is it the result of a character flaw? Can we just “snap out of it”? Understanding Depression explores the reality of the illness from the author's twin pers...
Characteristic clinical immune phenotypes and molecular mechanisms associated with inflammatory diseases, 2nd edition
The systemic inflammatory response is evident in inflammatory diseases, and the immune system secretes many cytokines involved, resulting in a robust immune response. For example, the pathogenesis of sepsis includes abnormal immune cell activation in the early stages as well as sepsis-related immunosuppression. During the immunosuppressive phase, CD4+ T cells, CD8+ T cells, Th17 cells, and ?d T cells are reduced while regulatory T cells increase. At the same time, T lymphocytes and neutrophils, as immune effector cells, interact with each other and play a key role in regulating the immune response to immune-inflammatory diseases. The increased release of neutrophil extracellular trap network...
