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The European Union has initiated a number of initiatives to improve resource efficiency in Europe. The Ecodesign Directive is one of the policy instruments that could aid the transition towards a more resource efficient economy. So far, the Directive has mainly been applied to set requirements related to energy efficiency, but there is potential for setting legal standards that increase product durability and promote the future re-use and recycling of components and materials. This paper examines the potential benefits and disadvantages in applying the Directive for this purpose, and analyzes the potential to apply certain types of legal standards. There is a need for continuous development of indicators and methods in order to allow for a broader range of legal standards in the future. The study provides some short and long term recommendations on the way forward.
This report constitutes part of the larger project Eco-design and Future Product Policy – Further research on Energyrelated Products. The objective was to investigate how nine policy instruments affect the development and environmental performance of household washing machines. The following policy instruments are investigated: 1. The Eco-design Directive 2. The EU energy label Directive 3. The WEEE Directive 4. The RoHS Directive 5. The REACH Regulation 6. The EU Ecolabel Regulation 7. The Nordic Swan 8. Green Public Procurements (GPP) 9. Voluntary Environmental Agreements (VA)
This volume bridges the gap between theory and practice by bringing together well-known and new authors to discuss a topic of mutual interest to second language researchers and teachers alike: input. Reader-friendly chapters offer a range of existing and new perspectives on input in morphology, syntax, phonetics and phonology.
A large part of the lifecycle environmental impacts of a product are determined at the design stage, why The EU Eco design Directive’s potential for application to non-energy related themes has come under the spotlight in recent years with Nordic countries at the forefront. In this report potential eco design requirements that can be drawn up for non-energy-related products are in focus. Textiles are here used as an example, and a light application of the approach has subsequently been applied to the furniture sector. Clothing and home textiles were chosen due to significant wastage in the value chain due to fast fashion, dropping quality and relatively low repair and reuse rates. The project was initiated and financed by the Nordic Council of Ministers and led by its Working Group for Sustainable Consumption and Production. A separate Policy Brief (ANP2018:739) is also published.
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 11th International Conference on Coordination Models and Languages, COORDINATION 2009, held in Lisbon, Portugal, in June 2009, as one of the federated conferences on Distributed Computing Techniques, DisCoTec 2009. The 14 revised full papers presented were carefully reviewed and selected from 61 submissions. The subject-matter is to explore the spectrum of languages, middleware, services, and algorithms that separate behavior from interaction, therefore increasing modularity, simplifying reasoning, and ultimately enhancing software development.
The Lloyd’s Register of Yachts was first issued in 1878, and was issued annually until 1980, except during the years 1916-18 and 1940-46. Two supplements containing additions and corrections were also issued annually. The Register contains the names, details and characters of Yachts classed by the Society, together with the particulars of other Yachts which are considered to be of interest, illustrates plates of the Flags of Yacht and Sailing Clubs, together with a List of Club Officers, an illustrated List of the Distinguishing Flags of Yachtsmen, a List of the Names and Addresses of Yacht Owners, and much other information. For more information on the Lloyd’s Register of Yachts, please click here: https://hec.lrfoundation.org.uk/archive-library/lloyds-register-of-yachts-online
The Lloyd’s Register of Yachts was first issued in 1878, and was issued annually until 1980, except during the years 1916-18 and 1940-46. Two supplements containing additions and corrections were also issued annually. The Register contains the names, details and characters of Yachts classed by the Society, together with the particulars of other Yachts which are considered to be of interest, illustrates plates of the Flags of Yacht and Sailing Clubs, together with a List of Club Officers, an illustrated List of the Distinguishing Flags of Yachtsmen, a List of the Names and Addresses of Yacht Owners, and much other information. For more information on the Lloyd’s Register of Yachts, please click here: https://hec.lrfoundation.org.uk/archive-library/lloyds-register-of-yachts-online