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Contemporary Spain and Portugal share a historical experience as Iberian states which emerged within the context of al-Andalus. These centuries of Muslim presence in the Middle Ages became a contested heritage during the process of modern nation-building with its varied concepts and constructs of national identities. Politicians, historians and intellectuals debated vigorously the question how the Muslim past could be reconciled with the idea of the Catholic nation. The Crescent Remembered investigates the processes of exclusion and integration of the Islamic past within the national narratives. It analyses discourses of historiography, Arabic studies, mythology, popular culture and colonial policies towards Muslim populations from the 19th century to the dictatorships of Franco and Salazar in the 20th century. In particular, it explores why, despite apparent historical similarities, in Spain and Portugal entirely different strategies and discourses concerning the Islamic past emerged. In the process, it seeks to shed light on the role of the Iberian Peninsula as a crucial European historical "contact zone" with Islam.
This volume offers a thorough introduction to Jewish world literatures in Spanish and Portuguese, which not only addresses the coexistence of cultures, but also the functions of a literary and linguistic space of negotiation in this context. From the Middle Ages to present day, the compendium explores the main Jewish chapters within Spanish- and Portuguese-language world literature, whether from Europe, Latin America, or other parts of the world. No comprehensive survey of this area has been undertaken so far. Yet only a broad focus of this kind can show how diasporic Jewish literatures have been (and are ) – while closely tied to their own traditions – deeply intertwined with local and global literary developments; and how the aesthetic praxis they introduced played a decisive, formative role in the history of literature. With this epistemic claim, the volume aims at steering clear of isolationist approaches to Jewish literatures.
This volume connects the latest research on language acquisition across the lifespan with the explanation of language change in specific sociohistorical settings. This conversation benefits from recent advances in two areas: on the one hand, the study of how learners of various ages and in various sociolinguistic contexts acquire language variation; on the other, historical sociolinguistics as the field that focuses on the study of historical patterns of language variation and change. The overarching rationale for this interdisciplinary dialogue is that all forms of language change start and spread as the result of individual acts of acquisition throughout the speakers’ lives. The thirteen...
Sephardic and Ashkenazic Judaism have long been studied separately. Yet, scholars are becoming ever more aware of the need to merge them into a single field of Jewish Studies. This volume opens new perspectives and bridges traditional gaps. The authors are not simply contributing to their respective fields of Sephardic or Ashkenazic Studies. Rather, they all include both Sephardic and Ashkenazic perspectives as they reflect on different aspects of encounters and reconsider traditional narratives. Subjects range from medieval and early modern Sephardic and Ashkenazic constructions of identities, influences, and entanglements in the fields of religious art, halakhah, kabbalah, messianism, and charity to modern Ashkenazic Sephardism and Sephardic admiration for Ashkenazic culture. For reasons of coherency, the contributions all focus on European contexts between the fourteenth and the nineteenth centuries.
Die Erinnerung an das historische Sepharad und vor allem an die trikulturelle convivencia auf der mittelalterlichen Iberischen Halbinsel stehen derzeit in Spanien hoch im Kurs, verweisen sie doch scheinbar auf eine jahrhundertelange Tradition der Toleranz und Demokratie.Anna Lena Menny beleuchtet verschiedene Facetten der staatlichen Haltung gegenüber der jüdischen Minderheit und dem jüdischen Erbe. Sie fragt nach Kontinuitäten und Brüchen innerhalb des Untersuchungszeitraumes vom Franquismus bis in die Demokratie und arbeitet die enge Verschränkung von Erinnerungs-, Religions- und Außenpolitik heraus. Dabei ist eine zentrale These, dass der Tod des spanischen Diktators Franco im Jahr 1975 für die spanisch-jüdische Geschichte keine einschneidende Zäsur bedeutete.
This volume offers a critical appraisal of the tension between theory and empirical evidence in research on information structure. The relevance of ‘unexpected’ data taken into account in the last decades, such as the well-known case of non-focalizing cleft sentences in Germanic and Romance, has increasingly led us to give more weight to explanations involving inferential reasoning, discourse organization and speakers’ rhetorical strategies, thus moving away from ‘sentence-based’ perspectives. At the same time, this shift towards pragmatic complexity has introduced new challenges to well-established information-structural categories, such as Focus and Topic, to the point that some ...
Die Jüdischen Studien umfassen alle Gebiete, die für die Erforschung der jüdischen Geschichte, Philosophie und Religion von Bedeutung sind. Sie repräsentieren ein relativ junges Fach in der deutschen akademischen Landschaft, aber ein Gebiet von wachsender Bedeutung. Jüdische Religion und Kultur haben tiefe Spuren in der deutschen und europäischen Geschichte, Philosophie und Literatur hinterlassen, sie waren beeinflusst vom wechselhaften Verhältnis der jüdischen und christlichen Religion, das bisweilen ein tolerantes Miteinander ermöglichte, in anderen jedoch zu Verfolgung, Hass und – wie in Deutschland im 20. Jahrhundert – zum Genozid führte. Das Handbuch versucht, entlang einzelner Begriffe wie Ritual, Aufklärung, Diaspora, Sefarad/Aschkenas oder Zionismus sowie verschiedener Forschungsgebiete wie Philosophie, Mystik, Recht oder ökonomie Einblicke in die Geschichte des Judentums zu geben. Wer mehr über das Regelwerk und die Ereignisse wissen will, die über jüdische Geschichte bestimmten und moderne Formen jüdischen Lebens hervorbrachten, findet viele Zugänge und vertiefende Einblicke.
Die Wurzeln der antisemitischen Agitation Johann von Leers' reichen in die Weimarer Republik zurück, wo er sich seit 1929 in Berlin als Redner und Journalist an der Seite von Goebbels profilierte. 1936 erhielt er einen Ruf an die Universität Jena, um dort »Judenforschung« zu betreiben. Kennzeichen seines uferlosen publizistischen Werks in Presse und Rundfunk war ein fanatischer Antisemitismus, der – im Rückblick auf die Verbrechen der Nationalsozialisten – die Ausgrenzung und Vernichtung der Juden als unumkehrbare Konsequenz erscheinen lässt. Nach Internierung, Illegalität und Flucht 1950 blieb Johann von Leers weiterhin als »Prophet des völkischen Antisemitismus« aktiv. In Bue...
In this book, the traditional definition of ‘grammaticalization’ is challenged in the light of current developments in grammar theory. The main innovation of this approach is the focus on the feature composition of lexical items. From this perspective, the loss of past participle agreement in Catalan is analyzed on the basis of newly collected data as a consequence of the grammaticalization of formal features. The emergence of syntactic formal features through grammaticalization is understood as a last-resort repair mechanism for pragmatically costly derivations. Further far-reaching implications of this proposal under discussion are: the interplay between (re-)parametrization, economy, cyclicity, and grammaticalization; the characterization of free variation under a modified version of the Interface Hypothesis; and the precedence of syntactic over morphological change. This book is not only of interest to specialists in Romance languages but also to anyone working on diachronic linguistics.
A principios del siglo XX, la campaña política y de divulgación iniciada por el senador Ángel Pulido a través de las demandas que este dirigió a instituciones como la Real Academia Española impulsó sobremanera las relaciones del mundo sefardí con la cultura académica española. El interés de Ramón Menéndez Pidal por el romancero sefardí y la presencia del orientalista Abraham Shalom Yahuda en España en aquellos años favoreció el nombramiento de los primeros académicos correspondientes de origen sefardí, lo que abrió una nueva etapa en el desarrollo de los contactos culturales hispanosefardíes con esta institución. Esta monografía traza la historia de la Real Academia E...