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Early in the history of mankind when Jesus was alive he communicated as man. In the end soon after the resurrection and the post resurrection period, period showed himself to be God. Now those whop proclaimed Jesus as God was forced to declare God as Trinity. This created a problem between Monotheism and Polytheism. Is Christianity Monotheistic or Polytheistic. This was the struggle in the early Christian period. Arius was one who came up with one answer as many others. What did he propose. Is it a valid explanation. Is it heresy. Where do we place Arianism. Who are the Arians today?
This is the first volume to attempt a comprehensive overview of the evolution of the 'Arian' churches in the Roman world of Late Antiquity and their political importance in the late Roman kingdoms of the 5th-6th centuries, ruled by barbarian warrior elites. Bringing together researchers from the disciplines of theology, history and archaeology, and providing an extensive bibliography, it constitutes a breakthrough in a field largely neglected in historical studies. A polemical term coined by the Orthodox Church (the side that prevailed in the Trinitarian disputes of the 4th century C.E.) for its opponents in theology as well as in ecclesiastical politics, Arianism has often been seen as too complicated to understand outside the group of theological specialists dealing with it and has therefore sometimes been ignored in historical studies. The studies here offer an introduction to the subject, grounded in the historical context, then examine the adoption of Arian Christianity among the Gothic contingents of the Roman army, and its subsequent diffusion in the barbarian kingdoms of the late Roman world.
First published in 1988, The Search for the Christian Doctrine of God is still considered by many scholars to be the finest work on the Arian Controversy. Examining scholarly works on the Controversy and many original texts, Professor Hanson, provides a clear understanding of how the traditional and historic doctrine of God as the Holy Trinity reached its most mature and enduring form. The author is not primarily concerned to defend the orthodox position itself, but rather to discover and examine the formation of that orthodoxy. The history of the events - the Councils, the interventions of the Emperor, the rivalries of sees, the behaviour of bishops, the varying fortunes of the different schools of thought and their leaders - is interwoven with the progression of thought and doctrine during the sixty years of the Controversy. Professor Hanson sees the problem of the reconciliation of two concepts which were both part of the very fabric of Christianity - monotheism and the worship of Jesus Christ as divine.
Arianism started as a movement in the 3rd century AD, maintaining that Jesus was less divine than God. Traditionally regarded as the archetypal Christian heresy, it was condemned in the famous Nicene Creed.
Subsequent generations viewed the Catholic victory as inevitable, but for Augustine's contemporaries the Ulfilan Arians were a serious menace.
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Recent research has exposed difficulties in those interpretations of Arianism upon which we have long relied; old certainties have given way to new lines of inquiry. And yet a fresh picture of this historic controversy, adequate to the complexity of Arianism (or the several forms and expressions of Arianism) and to the complexity of the era in which it emerged, is being sketched line by line. This collection of papers reflects, in some measure, the state of the question: what is Arianism? The pursuit of a fuller and more precise answer entails the several kinds of work contained in this book's sections--close re-examination of sources, the drawing of sharper distinctions between types of Arians and phases of Arianism, even while continuities are sought, careful reassessment of how Arianism is to be described as philosophy and religion, and scrutiny of significant aspects of the strife between Arians and Nicenes. --from the Foreword