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A comprehensive survey of the attitude of Kierkegaard (1813-1855) toward Jews and Judaism as reflected in his writings. Argues that he became antisemitic over the years. The young Kierkegaard viewed the Wandering Jew as a mythical allegory for human despair, but for the older Kierkegaard the Jews represented obduracy, rage, and perdition. He increasingly interpreted Judaism as the absolute opposite of Christianity, and sanctioned what he saw as the fall of Judaism. His writings are overwhelmingly anti-Jewish and antisemitic, and include only a few pro-Semitic or indifferent statements. Contends that Kierkegaard did not grow up in an antisemitic home - his father actively supported the integr...
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From the sixteenth century on, hundreds of Portuguese New Christians began to flow to Venice and Livorno in Italy, and to Amsterdam and Hamburg in northwest Europe. In those cities and later in London, Bordeaux, and Bayonne as well, Iberian conversos established their own Jewish communities, openly adhering to Judaism. Despite the features these communities shared with other confessional groups in exile, what set them apart was very significant. In contrast to other European confessional communities, whose religious affiliation was uninterrupted, the Western Sephardic Jews came to Judaism after a separation of generations from the religion of their ancestors. In this edited volume, several experts in the field detail the religious and cultural changes that occurred in the Early Modern Western Sephardic communities. "Highly recommended for all academic and Jewish libraries." - David B Levy, Touro College, NYC, in: Association of Jewish Libraries News and Reviews 1.2 (2019)
In Jews and Christians in Denmark: From the Middle Ages to Recent Times, ca. 1100–1948, Martin Schwarz Lausten investigates how the Church and society followed the European antijudaistic tradition using insults, adversities and attempted conversions during Catholic times from around 1100 and Protestant times starting around 1536. In spite of the tolerant policies of integration initiated by the government beginning in the 1800’s, anti-Semitic movements arose among priests, professors and local authorities. However, during the German occupation (1940–1945) priests and many others assisted the 7,000 Danish Jews in their escape to Sweden. Based on Jewish and Christian sources, Jewish reactions to life in Denmark are also examined.