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Fresh-cut apples: Aspects of respiration, sanitation and storage conditions affecting quality and volatile synthesis (Band 51)
Fresh-cut apples show a short shelf life. Microbial loads, rapid tissue browning, and loss of texture and flavour limit their customers’ acceptability. Therefore, postharvest storage in sugar-syrup or suitable fruit juice solutions are common practices to extend shelf life. However, knowledge on the effects of these applications on the produce are sketchy. Nevertheless, adequate and gentle sanitation is essential, and short-term hot-water treatment (sHWT) may be an effective method to reduce microbial contaminations. For fruit salad production, however, sHWT needs to be optimised. Objective of this thesis was the evaluation of the effects of complete immersion of fresh-cut apple slices in ...
New strategies to ensure food production
This thesis presents the major viruses affecting three cultivars in Colombia and how experimental approaches in serology, molecular biology, and bioinformatics can be adapted to create a protocol that could be applied for physalis, passionfruit, ornamental rose, and eventually other crops. Selection of farms was carried out based on size and economic importance. Initial visual plant symptom appraisal led collection of 370 samples from 20 farms. Literature review guided the selection of antibodies of known viruses for initial ELISA testing. Thereafter NGS was carried out to discover further known and novel viruses in the cultivars. Various experiments were carried out on different samples inc...
Identification of variation within sex pheromone blends of various Maruca vitrata populations for refining pheromone lures and traps in Asia
The legume pod borer, Maruca vitrata, causes severe damage on legume crops in the tropics. The larvae are mainly controlled by synthetic insecticides but without satisfying results. Monitoring of the moths using pheromone traps can help to perform target-oriented control measures. The objective of this study was the improvement of pheromone traps for monitoring M. vitrata in tropical Asia, where synthetic pheromone lures failed to attract males so far. In addition, the sexual communication system of different M. vitrata populations was investigated, since variation in pheromone composition is a potential reason for failure of pheromone lures.
Chemical ecology of Cabbage White (Pieris sp.) (Band 49)
Under the widespread concept of integrated pest management, use of semiochemicals have been extensively studied to control agricultural pest insects. In this regard, aphrodisiac pheromones of two most destructive pest species of Pieris have been investigated. Individual pheromone constituents produced in the wings of two Asian populations were compared with two European populations of P. rapae. The total pheromone levels in the European populations were lower than the amounts present in wings of Asian populations. As a result of this study, we can conclude that both the subspecies of P. rapae showed a clear variation in pheromone profile between them. On the other hand, within subspecies, the different populations did not show very large differences. Therefore, the populations with geographical difference could not be considered identical as they showed significant quantitative differences in pheromone profiles. Furthermore, Electroantennographic analysis was also carried out to find out specific pheromone lures, which could be used for both the subspecies to carried out field bioassays in future, to test the mating disruption strategy.
Suitability of portable NIR sensors (food-scanners) for the determination of fruit quality along the supply chain using the example of tomatoes (Band 50)
Food-scanners are novel, portable and miniaturized devices, which operate on the principle of near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS). According to the manufacturers, these devices are suitable for measuring a wide range of important quality parameters on fresh produce. This research evaluated the suitability of food-scanners for determining fruit quality along the supply chain of fruit and vegetables. Using the qualitative research approach, the first step of this research comprised interviews of experts at different positions along the fresh produce value chain in Germany. Thereby, preferences and concerns regarding the utilization and implementation of this technology for fresh produce were inv...
Impact of Terroir on the Glucosinolates Profile of Moringa oleifera Grown in Three Agro-Ecological Zones in Ghana and their Potential Role in Food Security (Band 57)
Moringa oleifera Lam. can survive extreme growth conditions by adjusting its metabolism. Among the potential metabolites produced during adaptation are glucosinolates, which possess potential cancer chemoprotective attributes. Recent climate events, such as increased temperatures and prolonged drought, impact crop yield and quality significantly. Therefore, climate-resilient plants such as M. oleifera can be utilized in areas where crop production is adversely affected. Understanding how terroir factors and cultural practices affect the glucosinolate profile in M. oleifera is important for optimizing cultivation strategies. To achieve this, the leaves from cultivated and wild-grown mature M....
Infectious Forest Diseases
Today, forest health and the management of threats towards it are attracting more and more attention on a global scale. This book covers the most recent advances in the management of forest diseases, including the epidemiology and infection biology of forest pathogens, and forest protection based on integrated pest and disease management approaches. A comprehensive range of diseases caused by viruses, bacteria, fungi and other organisms are discussed in detail, making this book essential reading for forest managers and extension specialists. Written by recognized authorities in the subject of forest health, this book also provides a wealth of information useful for researchers and lecturers of forest pathology and ecology.
