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This book aims to describe, for readers uneducated in science, the development of humanity's desire to know and understand the world around us through the various stages of its development to the present, when science is almost universally recognized - at least in the Western world - as the most reliable way of knowing. The book describes the history of the large-scale exploration of the surface of the earth by sea, beginning with the Vikings and the Chinese, and of the unknown interiors of the American and African continents by foot and horseback. After the invention of the telescope, visual exploration of the surfaces of the Moon and Mars were made possible, and finally a visit to the Moon. The book then turns to our legacy from the ancient Greeks of wanting to understand rather than just know, and why the scientific way of understanding is valued. For concreteness, it relates the lives and accomplishments of six great scientists, four from the nineteenth century and two from the twentieth. Finally, the book explains how chemistry came to be seen as the most basic of the sciences, and then how physics became the most fundamental.
In the mathematical practice, the Baire category method is a tool for establishing the existence of a rich array of generic structures. However, in mathematics, the Baire category method is also behind a number of fundamental results such as the Open Mapping Theorem or the Banach-Steinhaus Boundedness Principle. This volume brings the Baire category method to another level of sophistication via the internal version of the set-theoretic forcing technique. It is the first systematic account of applications of the higher forcing axioms with the stress on the technique of building forcing notions rather than on the relationship between different forcing axioms or their consistency strengths.
These proceedings collect the papers presented at the 30th International Symposium on Shock Waves (ISSW30), which was held in Tel-Aviv Israel from July 19 to July 24, 2015. The Symposium was organized by Ortra Ltd. The ISSW30 focused on the state of knowledge of the following areas: Nozzle Flow, Supersonic and Hypersonic Flows with Shocks, Supersonic Jets, Chemical Kinetics, Chemical Reacting Flows, Detonation, Combustion, Ignition, Shock Wave Reflection and Interaction, Shock Wave Interaction with Obstacles, Shock Wave Interaction with Porous Media, Shock Wave Interaction with Granular Media, Shock Wave Interaction with Dusty Media, Plasma, Magnetohyrdrodynamics, Re-entry to Earth Atmosphere, Shock Waves in Rarefied Gases, Shock Waves in Condensed Matter (Solids and Liquids), Shock Waves in Dense Gases, Shock Wave Focusing, Richtmyer-Meshkov Instability, Shock Boundary Layer Interaction, Multiphase Flow, Blast Waves, Facilities, Flow Visualization, and Numerical Methods. The two volumes serve as a reference for the participants of the ISSW30 and anyone interested in these fields.
This three-volume set, LNCS 14325-14327 constitutes the thoroughly refereed proceedings of the 20th Pacific Rim Conference on Artificial Intelligence, PRICAI 2023, held in Jakarta, Indonesia, in November 2023. The 95 full papers and 36 short papers presented in these volumes were carefully reviewed and selected from 422 submissions. PRICAI covers a wide range of topics in the areas of social and economic importance for countries in the Pacific Rim: artificial intelligence, machine learning, natural language processing, knowledge representation and reasoning, planning and scheduling, computer vision, distributed artificial intelligence, search methodologies, etc.
"The power of general purpose computational algebra systems running on personal computers has increased rapidly in recent years. For mathematicians doing research in group theory, this means a growing set of sophisticated computational tools are now available for their use in developing new theoretical results." "This volume consists of contributions by researchers invited to the AMS Special Session on Computational Group Theory held in March 2007. The main focus of the session was on the application of Computational Group Theory (CGT) to a wide range of theoretical aspects of group theory. The articles in this volume provide a variety of examples of how these computer systems helped to solv...
In recent years, the interplay between the methods of functional analysis and complex analysis has led to some remarkable results in a wide variety of topics. It turned out that the structure of spaces of holomorphic functions is fundamentally linked to certain invariants initially defined on abstract Frechet spaces as well as to the developments in pluripotential theory. The aim of this volume is to document some of the original contributions to this topic presented at a conference held at Sabanci University in Istanbul, in September 2007. This volume also contains some surveys that give an overview of the state of the art and initiate further research in the interplay between functional and complex analysis.
This volume presents the lecture notes of short courses given by three leading experts in mathematical logic at the 2012 Asian Initiative for Infinity Logic Summer School. The major topics cover set-theoretic forcing, higher recursion theory, and applications of set theory to C*-algebra. This volume offers a wide spectrum of ideas and techniques introduced in contemporary research in the field of mathematical logic to students, researchers and mathematicians.
This volume contains invited lectures and selected contributions from the International Workshop on Orthogonal Polynomials and Approximation Theory, held at Universidad Carlos III de Madrid on September 8-12, 2008, and which honored Guillermo Lopez Lagomasino on his 60th birthday. This book presents the state of the art in the theory of Orthogonal Polynomials and Rational Approximation with a special emphasis on their applications in random matrices, integrable systems, and numerical quadrature. New results and methods are presented in the papers as well as a careful choice of open problems, which can foster interest in research in these mathematical areas. This volume also includes a brief account of the scientific contributions by Guillermo Lopez Lagomasino.
This volume contains the proceedings of the 11th conference on $\mathrm{AGC^{2}T}$, held in Marseille, France in November 2007. There are 12 original research articles covering asymptotic properties of global fields, arithmetic properties of curves and higher dimensional varieties, and applications to codes and cryptography. This volume also contains a survey article on applications of finite fields by J.-P. Serre. $\mathrm{AGC^{2}T}$ conferences take place in Marseille, France every 2 years. These international conferences have been a major event in the area of applied arithmetic geometry for more than 20 years.