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Water diffusing into silica surfaces gives rise for several effects on diffusion behaviour and mechanical properties. In a preceding booklet, we focused on diffusion and fiber strengths and deformations which were obtained by water soaking under external loading. In the present booklet we deal with results and interpretations of strength increase in the absence of applied stresses.
Water diffusing into silica surfaces gives rise for several effectson diffusion behaviour and mechanical properties. Water added to silica glass increases its specific volume so that the silica expands near the surface. Mechanical boundary conditions give rise for compressive “swelling stresses”. This fact provides a tool for the interpretation of many experimental observations from literature.
During the production of fiber-reinforced thermosets, the resin material undergoes a reaction that can lead to damage. A two-stage polymerization reaction is modeled using molecular dynamics and evaluations of the system including a fiber surface are performed. In addition, a phase-field model for crack propagation in heterogeneous systems is derived. This model is able to predict crack growth where established models fail. Finally, the model is used to predict crack formation during curing.
In this work, the first simulation model of oxygen depolarized cathodes (ODC), which are silver catalyst-based gas diffusion electrodes, is presented that considers the phase equilibrium of the gas-liquid interface and structure-related inhomogeneities in electrolyte distribution. By means of the model it has been identified that mass transport of water and ions in the liquid phase is a crucial factor for electrode performance and how it is influenced by the electrode structure.
This work aimed at designing, studying and producing the first prototypes of KIDs tailored for fusion plasma polarimetric diagnostics. Diamond was considered for the first time as substrate material for low-temperature superconducting detectors given its unmatched optical, radiation hardness and thermal qualities, properties necessary for working environments potentially saturated with radiation. This work represents a first step toward the optimization and final application of this technology.
Hierarchically structured active materials in electrodes of lithium-ion cells are promising candidates for increasing gravimetric energy density and improving rate capability of the system. To investigate the influence of cathode structures on the performance of the whole cell, efficient tools for calculating effective transport properties of granular systems are developed and their influence on the electrochemical performance is investigated in specially adapted cell models.
Water is one of the essential resources on our planet. Therefore, fresh water and the recycling of waste-water are very important topics in various areas. Energy-saving green technologies are a demand in this area of research. Photocatalysis comprises a class of reactions which use a catalyst activated by light. These reactions include the decomposition of organic compounds into environmental friendly water and carbon dioxide, leading to interesting properties of surfaces covered with a photocatalyst: they protect e.g. against incrustation of fouling matter, they are self-cleaning, antibacterial and viricidal. Therefore, they are attractive candidates for environmental applications such as w...
This book provides a practical approach to consolidate one's acquired knowledge or to learn new concepts in solid state physics through solving problems. It contains 300 problems on various subjects of solid state physics. The problems in this book can be used as homework assignments in an introductory or advanced course on solid state physics for undergraduate or graduate students.It can also serve as a desirable reference book to solve typical problems and grasp mathematical techniques in solid state physics. In practice, it is more fascinating and rewarding to learn a new idea or technique through solving challenging problems rather than through reading only. In this aspect, this book is not a plain collection of problems but it presents a large number of problem-solving ideas and procedures, some of which are valuable to practitioners in condensed matter physics.