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Instant Insights: Metabolic disorders in dairy cattle
This specially curated collection features four reviews of current and key research on metabolic disorders in dairy cattle. The first chapter reviews the prevalence, etiology and effects of ruminal acidosis, as well as ways to counteract it through regulation of ruminal pH. The chapter includes a case study on subacute rumen acidosis (SARA) in the post-partum phase of the transition period. The second chapter assesses the main pathways for rumen fermentation which is a major factor in efficient transformation of nutrients. It discusses factors influencing the efficiency of microbial growth as well as the interactions between rumen energy and nitrogen metabolism in ensuring efficient digestio...
Instant Insights: Advances in fertilisers and fertiliser technology
Considers the role of future fertiliser development in achieving a more sustainable agriculture Explores the range of techniques required to optimise fertiliser application in modern agriculture, such as rate, placement and timing Includes case studies which demonstrate the successful application of fertigation techniques in conventional and soilless cultivation systems
Instant Insights: Sweetpotato
This specially formulated collection features 3 reviews of current topics and key research in sweetpotato. The first chapter examines the origin and dispersal of sweetpotato, considers in vitro germplasm storage in sweetpotato genebanks, and looks at the importance of managing sweetpotato crop wild relatives (CWR). The chapter also considers the specific issues associated with sweetpotato germplasm, as well as the application of next-generation sequencing to sweetpotato and its CWR. The second chapter reviews the development and application of genetic transformation and trait improvement to sweetpotato, including the development of sweetpotato plants which are resistant to disease and abiotic stress, and sweetpotatoes with improved starch quality and higher anthocyanin content. The final chapter examines the nutritional contribution made by OFSP (orange-fleshed sweetpotato) in poor rural communities in Malawi, Ghana, Nigeria and Burkina Faso; sustainable breeding and seed systems; and effective commercialisation and marketing to benefit the communities concerned. This chapter includes detailed case studies from Ghana and Malawi.
Instant Insights: Regenerative techniques to improve soil health
Addresses some of the common issues associated with the use of bio-based fertilisers Reviews the use and benefits of service crops in intensive cropping systems and low input systems Considers the use of compost as a means of improving soil health and biodiversity
Instant Insights: Fruit losses and waste
This specially curated collection features five reviews of current and key research on fruit losses and waste. The first chapter reviews the magnitude of losses and waste of fruit and vegetables as well as key issues in estimating losses. It provides a detailed assessment of the main causes of losses and waste together with strategies for their prevention. The second chapter assesses the adoption of new, non-destructive technologies as a way of measuring harvest maturity and improving sorting operations to minimise the risk of product loss and waste. The third chapter outlines the importance of harvest management of apples and considers the importance of various factors associated with fruit...
Instant Insights: Zero/no-till cultivation
Reviews the effects of no-till practices on soil health, focussing on its impact on the physical, chemical and biological properties of soils Considers the key concepts of no-tillage agriculture and how soil disturbance can be minimised during particular farming activities Assesses the role of no-till agricultural practices on reducing the risk of soil erosion
Instant Insights: Heat stress in dairy cattle
This specially curated collection features four reviews of current and key research on heat stress in dairy cattle. The first chapter outlines technologies to breed for more heat tolerant dairy cattle, exploiting either between or within breed genetic variation in the trait. It discusses future perspectives on the use of different tools to achieve accelerated improvements of this important trait. The second chapter discusses breeding goals and multi-trait selection to balance production and non-production traits. It considers newer breeding objectives such as ensuring that cattle can adapt to a changing climate, including breeding for heat tolerance. The third chapter reviews challenges faci...
Instant Insights: Sustainable tropical forest management
Considers the contribution of sustainable forest management(SFM) to achieving several of the United Nations Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) Addresses the environmental factors which determine types of tropical forests Reviews the ways in which tropical forests can influence the water cycle
Instant Insights: Viruses affecting horticultural crops
Reviews the implementation of best practices to reduce the risk of virus spread in apple orchards Provides a detailed overview of key viruses affecting banana production, such as banana bunchy top virus and banana bract mosaic virus Addresses the modes of transmission and spread of Apple mosaic virus
Instant Insights: Climate change, insect pests and invasive species
This specially curated collection features three reviews of current and key research on climate change, insect pests and invasive species. The first chapter reviews the impact of climate change on insect pests and how it has affected insect pest development and population dynamics, activity and abundance, diversity and geographical distribution. It also assesses insect-host plant interactions and the effectiveness of crop pest management techniques. The second chapter discusses the literature on the potential impact of climate change on the principal insect pests of wheat, including cereal aphids, Hessian fly, orange wheat blossom midge, cereal leaf beetle and cotton bollworm. It assesses the different methods used to assess likely impacts as well climate change effects on biological control in wheat systems. The final chapter surveys what we know about the ecology of invasive species and potential management strategies. In particular, it assesses how integrated pest management (IPM) needs to evolve to deal with invasive species, particularly in focussing more on monitoring, prevention and rapid response.
