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Site Characterization and Aggregation of Implanted Atoms in Materials
Explosive developments in microelectronics, interest in nuclear metallurgy, and widespread applications in surface science have all produced many advances in the field of ion implantation. The research activity has become so intensive and so broad that the field has become divided into many specialized subfields. An Advanced Study Institute, covering the basic and common phenomena of aggregation, seems opportune for initiating interested scientists and engineers into these various active subfields since aggregation usually follows ion implantation. As a consequence, Drs. Perez, Coussement, Marest, Cachard and I submitted such a pro posal to the Scientific Affairs Division of NATO, the approval of which resulted in the present volume. For the physicist studying nuclear hyperfine interactions, the consequences of aggregation of implanted atoms, even at low doses, need to be taken into account if the results are to be correctly interpreted. For materials scientists and device engineers, under standing aggregation mechanisms and methods of control is clearly essential in the tailoring of the end products.
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Material Characterization Using Ion Beams
The extensive use of low-energy accelerators in non-nuclear physics has now reached the stage where these activities are recognized as a natural field of investigation. Many other areas in physics and chemistry have undergone similarly spectacular development: beam foil spectroscopy in atomic physics, studies in atomic collisions, materials implantation, defects creation, nuclear microanalysis, and so on. Now, this most recent activity by itself and in its evident connec tion with the others has brought a new impetus to both the funda mental and the applied aspects of materials science. A summer school on "Material Characterization Using Ion Beams" has resulted from these developments and th...
Physics of Nonmetallic Thin Films
For several years now the intense development in the field of microelectronics, the interest in coating materials, and activity in integrated optics have produced many advances in the field of thin solid filmg~ The research activity has become so intensive and so broad that it is necessary to divide the field into metallic and non metallic thin films. A summer school in the area of non metallic thin films appeared to be a very fruitful concept and, hence, in October, 1973, A.S.l.M.S. made a proposal to N.A.T.O to hold this second summer school in Corsica in September 1974. The basic idea behind this summer school was essentially to stress and synthesize physical properties and structure of non metallic thin films. The main reason for this was the feeling that many laboratories are very specialized and that few engage in both physical and structural analysis of these films. The program included a large section on' physical studies: electrical (transport, interface effects, switching), mechanical and optical. There was also a large section o~characterization, crystal structure, chemical composition (stoichiometry is always a difficult problem), bonding and electronic structure.
Atomic Collisions in Solids
Perhaps the most controversiaZ aspect of this voZume is the number (V) assigned to the conference in this series. ActuaZZy, the first conference to be heZd under the titZe '~tomic CoZZisions in SoZids" was heZd at Sussex University in EngZand in 1969 and the second at GausdaZ, Norway in 1971, which wouZd ZogicaZZy make the conference heZd at GatZinburg, Tennessee, U.S.A. in 1973 the third (III). However, the appearance of the proceedings of the 1971 GausdaZ Conference (pubZished by Gordon and Breach) bore the number IV. The reasoning behind this was that, in fact, two pre vious conferences had been ZargeZy dedicated to the same subject area. The first of these Was at Aarhus, Denmark in 1965 ...
Growth and Properties of Metal Clusters: Applications to Catalysis and the Photographic Process - International Conference Proceedings
Growth and Properties of Metal Clusters: Applications to Catalysis and the Photographic Process - International Conference Proceedings
Photon Correlation Spectroscopy and Velocimetry
Following the first Capri School on Photon Correlation Spectroscopy held in July 1973 and published earlier in this series (Series B: Physics v.3) a second Capri NATO Advanced Study Institute on this topic was held at the Hotei Luna from 26 July to 6 August 1976. This volume contains the invited lecture courses and seminars and some of the contributed seminars presented at this Institute. Much had happened in the field in the intervening three years and it was the intention of the Organising Committee to build on the previous courses • without detailed repetition of fundamentals. and to extend the coverage widely over the use of photon-correla tion methods for the temporal or spectral anal...
Principles of Analytical Electron Microscopy
Since the publication in 1979 of Introduction to Analytical Electron Microscopy (ed. J. J. Hren, J. I. Goldstein, and D. C. Joy; Plenum Press), analytical electron microscopy has continued to evolve and mature both as a topic for fundamental scientific investigation and as a tool for inorganic and organic materials characterization. Significant strides have been made in our understanding of image formation, electron diffraction, and beam/specimen interactions, both in terms of the "physics of the processes" and their practical implementation in modern instruments. It is the intent of the editors and authors of the current text, Principles of Analytical Electron Microscopy, to bring together,...
Structure-Property Relationships in Surface-Modified Ceramics
The use of ion beams for the modification of the structure and properties of the near-surface region of ceramics began in earnest in the early 19805. Since the mechanical properties of such materials are dominated by surface flaws and the surface stress state, the use of surface modification tech niques would appear to be an obvious application. As is often the case in research and development, most of the initial studies can be characterized as cataloging the response of various ceramic materials to a range of ion beam treatments. The systematic study of material and ion beam parameters is well underway and we are now designing experiments to provide specific information about the processin...
