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Camel
A distinct symbol of the desert and the Middle East, the camel was once unkindly described as “half snake, half folding bedstead.” But in the eyes of many the camel is a creature of great beauty. This is most evident in the Arab world, where the camel has played a central role in the historical development of Arabic society—where an elaborate vocabulary and extensive literature have been devoted to it. In Camel, Robert Irwin explores why the camel has fascinated so many cultures, including those cultivated in locales where camels are not indigenous. Here, he traces the history of the camel from its origins millions of years ago to the present day, discussing such matters of contemporar...
Camel Karma
According to myth, the camel was created by Lord Shiva at the behest of his consort Parvati. Parvati shaped a strange five-legged animal from clay and asked Shiva to blow life into it. At first Shiva refused, saying that the misshapen animal will not fare well in the world, but later gave in. He folded the animal's fifth leg over its back giving it a hump, and commanded it to get up, "uth." That is how the animal got its name. The camel then needed someone to look after it, so Shiva rolled off a bit of skin and dust from his arm and made out of this the first Raika. Historically, the Raika of Rajasthan have had a unique and enduring relationship with camels. Their entire existence revolves a...
The Camel and the Wheel
Why, for many centuries, was the wheel abandoned in the Middle East in favor of the camel as a means of transport? This richly illustrated study explains this anomaly. Drawing on archaeology, art, technology, anthropology, linguistics, and camel husbandry, Bulliet explores the implications for the region's economic and social development during the Middle Ages and into modern times.
Historical Dictionary of the Sudan
The Republic of the Sudan was long the largest country in Africa and, according to the general consensus, also one of the least successful in many ways. This was not entirely its fault since it lay along the fault line between Muslim and Christian Africa and between the Nile Valley civilizations and African Sudanic cultures. This partly explains the long and bloody warfare waged by the Southerners to achieve independence, which they did in July 2011. So this hefty book actually covers not one but two states. This fourth edition of the Historical Dictionary of the Sudan does so, first, through a lengthy and detailed chronology tracing its relatively few successes and numerous failures. The introductory essay does an admirable job of putting it all in perspective. But the most informative part is the dictionary, with now over 700 entries for this fourth edition. They deal with important personalities, politics, the economy, society, culture, religion and inevitably the civil war. There are also appendixes and an extensive bibliography.
Political Ecologies of COVID-19
By March 2020, COVID-19 had affected nearly every community on earth, either with infections or with mobility restrictions. Significant peer reviewed research effort has gone into understanding the virus and its spread, mainly from an epidemiological and medical perspective. Political ecologists have been somewhat critical of such analyses because of their failure to understand the sociality of COVID-19 and its emergence. They emphasise the need to look for how the virus has acted upon inclusions and exclusions and current cleavages in society despite the fact that it can potentially attack anyone anywhere. Commentaries have therefore drawn attention to the more-than-human assemblages that a...
Dry
Water is in the air we breathe and beneath the ground we walk on. The very substance of life, it makes up as much as 60 percent of the human body. And yet, for one billion people there is such a thing as life without water. These are the people we meet in Dry--those who live in the dry lands of Africa, Asia, the Pacific, and the Americas, eking out an existence at once remarkable and mundane between craggy mountains, near oases, or close to well-springs surrounded by cracked earth or shifting sands. From the ingenuity of the highland people of Chile's Atacama desert who use giant nets to capture water from clouds of fog, to the ancient wisdom that protects the grazing lands of Kenya's Masai,...
Current Knowledge on Camelids Infectious and Parasitic Diseases
Camelids including Old World camels (OWC; one-humped dromedary and two-humped Bactrian camels) and New World camels (NWC; llama, alpaca, guanaco, vicuna) have exceptional anatomical, physiological, and behavioral features and a high capacity for adaptation and survival in different environments. Camelid infectious diseases are important for the economy and tourism of many countries. In this context, prevention and control of these diseases has a positive impact in terms of food security, economic growth, etc. Recent years have witnessed a marked increase in the number of research on camelid infectious diseases, most probably due to the public health concerns following the emergence of the Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and worldwide increasing interest in camel products. However, camelid diseases are still somewhat under-researched in comparison with other livestock and companion animals. This Research Topic is expected to cover new findings in the field of camelids infectious diseases.
