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A philosophical analysis informed by history, this work examines the reasons for the highly destructive behavior of the Red Guards in the early part of China's Cultural Revolution. By probing the political, educational, and psychological factors influencing the Red Guards, Jing Lin sheds light on how teenagers and young adults were able to justify violence in the name of class struggle and human rights. She concludes that non-critical, categorical thought, buttressed by the political and educational systems, was pivotal. Jing Lin introduces the work with a discussion of democratic and non-democratic thought, and of the Red Guards' views about class struggle, authority and justice. She then examines the theory behind Mao's totalitarian rule. Chapter Three is devoted to schools, and their decisive role in developing the Red Guards. The psychology of the Red Guards follows: Lin details how concepts of the proletariat, class enemies, and intellectuals nurtured habits of aggression and obedience. In concluding, Lin suggests how to foster critical and democratic thinking in Chinese education.
The productivity and efficiency of farmers in both Australia and other Western nations has assumed increasing significance on the formal political agenda since the 1960s. Economic changes at both the international and national level have raised questions among economists, farm organisations and state agencies concerning the capacity of some farmers to be able to earn an adequate income, and thereby contribute to national agricultural output and efficiency. While these concerns have contributed to policies of farm subsidisation in Europe, Britain and the United States, Australia has taken a somewhat different path. Farm reconstruction and adjustment programs were created from the early-1970s ...
Linguists and non-linguists will find in this volume a guide and reference source to the rich linguistic heritage of Australia.
A comparison of immigrant integration policies in seven federal countries in light of constitutional structures, ethno-cultural composition and political trends.
This edited collection examines the impact of privatisation and the lessons to be learnt from it for the purpose of regulatory reform. The contributors analyse the benefits and losses of privatisation in a variety of countries from economic, legal and consumer perspectives and address fundamental questions such as whether private ownership necessarily leads to better incentives for management and productivity. The book contains illustrative case studies of the Australian telecommunications industry, the deregulation of the Swedish taxi and postal industries, Californian telecommunications industries as well as discussing consumer responses to the privatisation of key utilities in the UK. The impact of privatisation in developing nations is also addressed, with particular reference to India and Malaysia.
Generosity and Refugees: The Kosovars in Exile is a work of history studying the social and political context encountered by Kosovar refugees fleeing their homeland to Australia at the height of the NATO-led war against Serbian forces in 1999. The flight of the Kosovar refugees changed Australia's asylum seeker policy forever, and a new test for international humanitarianism had begun. Today refugee crises globally beg the international community to embrace a generosity of spirit. A question this book asks is whether there are limits to generosity, inhibited by nationally contextual and historical perspectives. Generosity and Refugees examines the role of the media in framing public understandings of refugees with intriguing parallels for understanding the contemporary political climate internationally.
This book is a documentary history and critique of the concept and policy of multiculturalism in Australia for the period 1970 to 1986. The book brings together for the first time a range of documents charting the emergence and implementation of multiculturalism across the main institutions of Australian society and culture. The institutions covered in the book are education, health and welfare, the Church, law, media, the realm of work and, as a summarising chapter, human rights and race and community relations in Australian society in the 1980s. The wide range of documents and the critical thematic introduction and contexting make the book ideal as a teaching text for students in many disciplines and an invaluable research source.