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Understanding Host-Microbiome Interactions - An Omics Approach
This book offers up-to-date information on different microbiomes, their community composition and interactive functions with the host, bringing together information from diverse research reports to provide an overview of the rapid developments in meta-omics technologies. It is a valuable resource for scientists, researchers, postgraduate and graduate students interested in understanding the impact and importance of next generation sequencing technologies on different hosts and their microbiomes.
Microbial Genomic Islands in Adaptation and Pathogenicity
This book elucidates the role of microbial genomic islands (GEIs) in genome stability, plasticity, evolutionary adaptation, and pathogenicity in the bacterial population. The initial chapters of the book present tools, including bioinformatics, artificial intelligence, machine learning, next-generation sequencing, and molecular biology techniques, for the analysis of the genomic islands. The book also discusses the importance of genomic islands in bacterial speciation, acquisition of genes related to resistome, nitrogen fixation, mobilomes, and nutritional fitness and adaptation. It provides recent advances in understanding microbial genomic islands' distribution, evolution, and mechanistic modes of behavior in pathogenic, non-pathogenic, and environmental species. This book is a valuable source for beginners in molecular microbiology, students, researchers, clinicians, stakeholders, and policymakers interested in understanding the role of GEIs in the adaptive evolution of microorganisms.
Phylogenetics
Phylogenetics aims to study the evolutionary relatedness of living organisms in our planet. Its application is extended to the key areas such as evolution, classification and taxonomy of living organisms; ecology, diversity, and conservation biology of agrobiocenosis; monitoring of pathogen spread, outbreaks and source of transmissions, forensic analyses, etc. Historically, phylogenetics studies were prevalently based on morphological features of species that helped to classify the 'Tree of Life' on Earth. Modern phylogenetics studies, however, rely more heavily on DNA sequences. In this Phylogenetics book, we aimed to present readers the latest developments in phylogenetics studies that highlight multi-kingdom systems, reticulated evolution and conservation biology of living organisms as well as 'omics'-based phylogenetics advances.
Microbes in Indian Buffalo Rumen: A Metagenomics Approach
The present book Microbes in Indian Buffalo Rumen: A Metagenomics Approach will be useful to researchers, who are engaged in research on DNA sequencing of Microbes with diet composition, gut flora, ruminal microbes, and microbial community dynamics of cattle. The book covers not only the rumen metagenomics, but also highlights the salient findings about specifically exploring the microbial community dynamics from Mehsani and Kankrej breeds of buffaloes at different diet treatments, comparing the rumen microbiota at each diet treatments, and identifying the methanogens and their enzymes responsible for methanogenesis at each dietary treatment. The rumen microbiota studied under the different ...
Biotrophic Plant-Microbe Interactions
Throughout their life, plants interact with all sorts of microbes. Some of these are detrimental and cause disease; some interactions are mutually beneficial for both partners. It is clear that most, if not all, of the interactions are regulated by highly complex checks and balances sustained by signalling and exchange of messengers and nutrients. The interactions where both partners are alive for a significant part of their time together are called biotrophic. In this e-book we bring together 33 articles representing the current state-of-the-art in research about diverse biotrophic plant-microbe associations aimed at describing and understanding how these complex and ubiquitous partnerships work and ultimately support much of the land-based biosphere.
Climate Change and Its Impact on Fertility
Climate change is the biggest threat to the fertility of mammals across the globe through its potential effects on heat stress, nutrition security, extreme weather events, vulnerable shelter, and population migration. Climatic variables, such as temperature and humidity, are common environmental stressors as well as nutritional stress, which reduces fertility. Besides climate and nutritional stressors, another major factor responsible for reduced fertility discovered within the past decade is the exposure to potential hazardous substances such as chemical, radiation, physical, biological, and occupational hazards. This exposure includes anything from heavy metals and gases to pathogens and t...
Microorganisms for Functional Food, 2nd Edition
Nowadays, most of Western consumers are aware that a targeted diet could be an important tool for fighting ageing and diseases such as hypertension, diabetes, and obesity. Microorganisms may be exploited for setting up novel foods that, beside their nutritional value, may positively impact on consumers’ health. Some microorganisms may benefit host when ingested as viable cells carried by food and beverages. This falls in the intriguing field of probiotics, recently brought forward by the numerous probiotic claims rejected by the European Food Safety Authority. This research topic includes research articles and reviews/perspectives that (i) contribute to understand the mechanism underlying the health effects of probiotic microorganisms; (ii) show integrated approaches for selecting new probiotics; (iii) report about non-dairy food items as novel carriers of probiotics; and (iv) deal with biologically active compounds from microorganisms.
