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At the beginning of a new millennium a new Europe is emerging, but behind this imagination we have to face old problems and unsolved conflicts of our historical past. The collapse of socialism in Eastern Europe led to decline and fall of the conceptual geography which was based on East vs. West and has shown political, social and cultural implications for both parts of the continent. Political borders and blocks have disappeared, but national ethnic, cultural and social differences are all still at work. In this book a number of leading European ethnologist investigates the complex process of the social, cultural and symbolic constructions of Europe's new geography, and shows how old lines of demarcation are revitalised, how different cultural imaginations of Europe are politically instrumentalised, and how political conflicts are being culturalised.
Social scientist did not predict the collapse of the socialist system in 1989-91. Their attempts to explain postsocialism have not been comprehensive. This book examines why, for the first time from an anthropological standpoint.
"A book about theory and method in the humanities and social sciences. It reacts to what has become known as the "cultural turn," a shift toward semiotics, discourse, and representations and away from other sorts of determinations that started in the early 1980s and that has dominated social thinking for a long string of years. The book is based in a reconsideration of the meeting of two disciplines that helped to launch the cultural turn: anthropology and history. Specifically, it criticizes the ideas of hermeneutics and "thick description" (Clifford Geertz) that have come to play a key role in the encounter of anthropology and history and then in the cultural turn. It led to the renewed ch...
This volume focuses on emotions of people in Southeast Europe. Grief and sadness take on different forms of expression. In the era of socialist rule laughter could express political resistance; for labour migrants visiting their country of origin evokes feelings of being at home. Cities attract visitors by appealing to emotions and people try to relive times of national glory by historical re-enactments. Gossip is a means of expressing emotions, smells and rituals become expressions of remembered emotions. Emotions are a factor researchers must always take seriously, both of the people studied and their own.
Communicating Cultures explores contemporary and historical issues. The title may be read in various ways, including cultures as communicative systems; cultures communicating with one another; or, communication about cultures. The contributors to this volume represent different fields within or related to European ethnology, such as anthropology, geography, folklore, linguistics, or area studies. ** "The editors have assembled a rich collection of papers. The questions that they address - migration and diasporas; the invention of traditions; education and language; media and representation - are at the very heart of today's agenda in cultural analysis." - from the Foreword
This collection explores the social legacy of European Enlightenment ideas of science and rationality. In their deployment science and rationality were intended to give rise to open and democratic societies. The volume addresses the history of these notions while centring on ethnographic studies of openness and equitability in contemporary European social milieux, as well as in the European postcolony and on Europe's increasingly global 'fringes'. The book takes its lead, in particular, from Karl Popper's ideas, and his key liberal text, The Open Society and its Enemies.
An exemplary study in comparative contemporary history, this monograph looks at rural change in six countries: Bulgaria, Czech Republic, Hungary, Poland, Romania and Slovakia. In the 1990s most of these nations experienced a fourth radical restructuring of agricultural relations in the twentieth century, and all went through the dramatic transition from communism to capitalism. The author analyzes attempts to activate democracy on a local level and recreate farming structures and non-agricultural businesses based on private ownership and private enterprise. He describes the emergence of a new business class that seeks to dominate local government structures; the recuperation of former communist farming entities by former managers; and the transformation of peasants into rural citizens, who nevertheless remain the underdogs. Swain exposes common features as well as specific divergences between the six countries; he portrays the winners, losers and engineers of transformations. He situates his themes in a wider context that will appeal to a broad range of social scientists and historians.
How are cultural boundaries created, conceived, and experienced? On the public level, the political practices of (sub-)nationalism have been revitalized by contemporary ideologies of multiculturalism providing new rhetorical forms which ultimately deny the legitimacy of indeterminacy. Yet, on the private level, the creation of new intersubjectivities is a normal consequence of movement, mixing, and living together, resulting in novel repertoires of individual and collective experiences. This book seeks to connect both the public and the private within the same frame of analysis. Reginald Byron is professor of sociology and anthropology, University of Wales, Swansea (UK). Ullrich Kockel holds a chair in European Studies at Bristol University of the West of England (UK), where he leads the European Ethnological Research Unit.
This Handbook is an in-depth appraisal of the field of minority languages and communities today. It presents a wide-ranging, coherent picture of the main topics, with key contributions from international specialists in sociolinguistics, policy studies, sociology, anthropology and law. Individual chapters are grouped together in themes, covering regional, non-territorial and migratory language settings across the world. It is the essential reference work for specialist researchers, scholars in ancillary disciplines, research and coursework students, public agencies and anyone interested in language diversity, multilingualism and migration.
The articles collected here trace the intellectual journey of Christian Giordano, head of the Social Anthropology Institute at the University of Fribourg, Switzerland. The reader will be transported to places Giordano has explored, loved, or merely visited, from Sicily to Malaysia, from Switzerland to Eastern Europe and the Balkans. Each article illustrates a facet of his work. The journey starts with biographical sketches and continues through different fields of Political Anthropology (Citizenship, Multiculturalism, Ethnicity, Rural Studies, Trust, Postcolonial Studies, Honour). It ends with reflections on the use and abuse of Anthropology.