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The European Constitution, Welfare States and Democracy
This book explores how the right to the free movement of goods, persons, services and capital in the European Union legal order affects welfare states. These "four freedoms", as they are known, are vital instruments for the protection of a European market unencumbered by internal frontiers. The European Constitution, Welfare States and Democracy explore the relationships and conflicts that have emerged between the European constitution and the legal regulation of mixed economies and markets within welfare-states. In particular, it examines the threat posed to the discretionary powers enjoyed by national governments and administrative authorities. Christoffer C. Eriksen has undertaken a compr...
The New International Law
This volume contains revised versions of a select number of research papers presented at a conference in Oslo, Norway, entitled “The New International Law”. The conference was subtitled “Polycentric Decision-making Structures and Fragmented Spheres of Law: What Implications for the New Generation of International Legal Discourse?” This subtitle signals the most important elements of the conference’s main purpose which was to be a project in line with certain strands of contemporary scholarship on international law; scholarship that bases itself on certain assumptions regarding what are important and changing preconditions for the field of international law research.
The New International Law
Summary: This volume contains revised versions of a select number of research papers presented at a conference in Oslo, Norway, entitled "The New International Law." The conference was subtitled "Polycentric decision-making structures and fragmented spheres of law: what implications for the new generation of international legal discourse?" The current discourse of international law is certainly acquainted with the enormous challenges posed by rapid restructuring of domestic and international governance to conventional outlooks, theories and practices of international law. Today's research forefront thrives on studies that encapsulate, analyse and discuss the shift from a world made up of sovereign nation-states to today's inter-, supra- and transnational arrangements.
The Reach of Free Movement
The reach of free movement within the EU Internal Market and what constitutes a restriction are the topics of this book. For many years the tension between free movement and restrictions have been the subject of intense discussion and controversy, and this includes the constitutional reach of the rights conferred by the Treaty of Lisbon. Anything that makes movement less attractive or more burdensome may constitute a restriction. Restrictions may be justified, but only if proportionate. The reach of free movement is fundamental to the Internal Market, both for the economic constitution and increasingly for individual rights in a European legal order that provides constitutional guarantees fo...
Non-State Actors, Soft Law and Protective Regimes
By offering critical perspectives of normative developments within international law, this volume of essays unites academics from various disciplines to address concerns regarding the interpretation and application of international law in context. The authors present common challenges within international criminal law, human rights, environmental law and trade law, and point to unintended risks and consequences, in particular for vulnerable interests such as women and the environment. Omissions within normative or institutional frameworks are highlighted and the importance of addressing accountability of state and non-state actors for violations or regressions of minimum protection guarantees is underscored. Overall, it advocates harmonisation over fragmentation, pursuant to the aspiration of asserting the interests of our collective humanity without necessarily advocating an international constitutional order.
The Right to Life in Armed Conflict
What place does the right to life have in armed conflicts? And does it lock down military objectives? In the first sustained coverage of the area, Ian Park examines conflicts in Iraq, Afghanistan, Libya, and Syria to explicate how far governments should be entitled to derogations from human rights whilst engaging in combat operations.
European Perspectives on Environmental Law and Governance
This book provides a range of perspectives on some of the most pressing contemporary challenges in EU environmental law and governance from some of today’s leading European environmental academics and practitioners. The book maintains a focus on three key cross-cutting issues, each of which is carefully analysed through the lens of governance. The first theme to be addressed is that of climate change and the problems it poses for EU governance. The second issue explored concerns the challenge of integrating environmental considerations into other policy areas, as is required by the Treaty on the Functioning of the European Union and the EU’s Charter of Fundamental Rights. Finally, the th...
The Legitimacy of The European Union through Legal Rationality
Third country nationals (TCNs) play an important part in the economy of the European Union, reflected in the rights granted to them under European Union Law. Political expediency is however shaped by world, regional and domestic influences that in turn determine policy towards third country nationals and their legal rights to freedom of movement. This book examines the concept of political legitimacy within the European Union through the principles of legal rationality, focusing in particular on the European Union’s policy towards third country nationals. Richard Ball argues that for legal doctrine to be rational it must display the requirements of formal, instrumental and substantive rationality, each mutually exclusive and essential. In taking this position of legal rationality, the book focuses on free movement rights of TCNs within EU treaties and implementing legislation, the Area of Freedom Security and Justice, and Association Agreements. Ball concludes that the stance of European Union Law towards third country nationals lacks legitimacy, and suggests possible new directions that EU policy should take in the future.
Fair and Equitable Treatment and the Rule of Law
By comprehensively investigating the Fair and Equitable Treatment Standard (FET), this discerning book presents how this standard in investment treaty disputes can be both legally justified and realistically beneficial. It reflects on how FET jurisprudence can be advantageous to both the rule of law and to the legitimacy of the international investment regime.
Complementarity and the Exercise of Universal Jurisdiction for Core International Crimes
This book concerns the relationship between the principles of complementarity and universal jurisdiction. Territorial States are normally affected most strongly by core international crimes committed during a conflict or an attack directed against its civilian population. Most victims reside in such States. Most damaged or plundered property is there. Public order and security are violated most severely in the territorial States. It is also on their territory that most of the evidence of the alleged crimes can be found. There are, in other words, obvious policy and practical reasons why States should accord priority to territoriality as a basis of jurisdiction. But is there also an obligation for States to defer exercise of universal jurisdiction of core international crimes to investigation and prosecution of the same crimes by the territorial State? What - if any - is the impact of the principle of complementarity in this respect? These are among the questions discussed in this anthology.
