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Jewish Soldiers in the Collective Memory of Central Europe
World War I marks a huge break in Central European Jewish history. Not only had the violent wartime events destroyed Jewish life and especially the living space of Eastern European Jews, but the impacts of war, the geopolitical change and a radicalization of anti-Semitism also led to a crisis of Jewish identity. Furthermore, during the process of national self-discovery and the establishing of new states the societal position of the Jews and their relationship to the state had to be redefined. These partially violent processes, which were always accompanied by anti-Semitism, evoked Jewish and Gentile debates, in which questions about Jewish loyalty to the old and/or new states as well as concepts of Jewish identity under the new political circumstances were negotiated. This volume collects articles dealing with these Jewish and gentile debates about military service and war memory in Central Europe.
Individuality and Modernity in Berlin
Moritz Föllmer traces the history of individuality in Berlin from the late 1920s to the construction of the Berlin Wall in August 1961. The demand to be recognised as an individual was central to metropolitan society, as were the spectres of risk, isolation and loss of agency. This was true under all five regimes of the period, through economic depression, war, occupation and reconstruction. The quest for individuality could put democracy under pressure, as in the Weimar years, and could be satisfied by a dictatorship, as was the case in the Third Reich. It was only in the course of the 1950s, when liberal democracy was able to offer superior opportunities for consumerism, that individuality finally claimed the mantle. Individuality and Modernity in Berlin proposes a fresh perspective on twentieth-century Berlin that will engage readers with an interest in the German metropolis as well as European urban history more broadly.
No Neighbors’ Lands in Postwar Europe
This book focuses on the social voids that were the result of occupation, genocide, mass killings, and population movements in Europe during and after the Second World War. Historians, sociologists, and anthropologists adopt comparative perspectives on those who now lived in ‘cleansed’ borderlands. Its contributors explore local subjectivities of social change through the concept of ‘No Neighbors’ Lands’: How does it feel to wear the dress of your murdered neighbor? How does one get used to friends, colleagues, and neighbors no longer being part of everyday life? How is moral, social, and legal order reinstated after one part of the community participated in the ethnic cleansing of another? How is order restored psychologically in the wake of neighbors watching others being slaughtered by external enemies? This book sheds light on how destroyed European communities, once multi-ethnic and multi-religious, experienced postwar reconstruction, attempted to come to terms with what had happened, and negotiated remembrance. Chapter 7 and 13 are available open access under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License via link.springer.com.
German Blood, Slavic Soil
German Blood, Slavic Soil reveals how Nazi Germany and the Soviet Union, twentieth-century Europe's two most violent revolutionary regimes, transformed a single city and the people who lived there. During World War II, this single city became an epicenter in the apocalyptic battle between their two regimes. Drawing on sources and perspectives from both sides, Nicole Eaton explores not only what Germans and Soviets thought about each other, but also how the war brought them together. She details an intricate timeline, first describing how Königsberg, a seven-hundred-year-old German port city on the Baltic Sea and lifelong home of Immanuel Kant, became infamous in the 1930s as the easternmost...
Life Stories from the German Democratic Republic
More than thirty years after German reunification, Life Stories from the German Democratic Republic addresses how life in the GDR is remembered, thereby enriching and complexifying the narratives of East German life found in public history, museums, tourist venues, film, media and popular fiction. The frequent stress on material lack, social restrictions and the repressive state is expanded and reconfigured by interviewees who variously both challenge and confirm widespread assumptions about what it meant to live in the GDR. Aimed at a wide readership, this book gives English-speaking readers access to varied and detailed accounts of everyday life, individual engagement with state institutions and different views of GDR politics, society and culture.
Different Germans, Many Germanies
As much as any other nation, Germany has long been understood in terms of totalizing narratives. For Anglo-American observers in particular, the legacies of two world wars still powerfully define twentieth-century German history, whether through the lens of Nazi-era militarism and racial hatred or the nation’s emergence as a “model” postwar industrial democracy. This volume transcends such common categories, bringing together transatlantic studies that are unburdened by the ideological and methodological constraints of previous generations of scholarship. From American perceptions of the Kaiserreich to the challenges posed by a multicultural Europe, it argues for—and exemplifies—an approach to German Studies that is nuanced, self-reflective, and holistic.
Embracing Democracy in Modern Germany
"Over the course of the modern era, the traditional stereotype of authoritarian Germans has given way as they have become (mostly) model democrats. Looking at six German regimes across twelve decades, this study shows how and why Germans have chosen to be politically active (even under dictatorships), the enormous range of conceptions of political culture and democracy they have held; and how the interactions between these factors produced instability and stability at different times"--
Spuren von Krieg und Terror
In den letzten Jahren hat die zeitgeschichtliche Archäologie erheblich an Bedeutung gewonnen. Von besonderem Interesse sind Tatorte von Krieg und Terror des 20. Jahrhunderts in Deutschland, in Europa und vielen anderen Teilen der Welt. Gedenken und Erinnerung an die Opfer der Gewalt sind stets im Fokus. Dies schließt die würdevolle und ethische Behandlung der Opfer ein, es geht oft darum, ihnen ihren Namen und ihre individuelle Geschichte zurückzugeben. Dazu bieten sich die materiellen Hinterlassenschaften sehr gut an, seien es bauliche Überreste von Baracken der Zwangslager und Tötungseinrichtungen, seien es die zahllosen Objekte der Opfer und der Täter, die einen tiefen Einblick in die Zeit geben. Von besonderem Aussagewert für die global zu beobachtenden Überlebensstrategien der Häftlinge, aber auch der Soldaten, sind zahlreiche Objekte, die mit einfachsten Mitteln selbst gefertigt wurden und an das soziale Leben vor der Gefangenschaft, vor dem Krieg anknüpfen oder erinnern sollen.
Cold War Berlin
Introducing Cold War Berlin -- From Heart of Darkness to Heap of Rubble: Berlin as Nazi Capital -- Division of the Spoils: Berlin as Symbol and as Prize -- Policing the Border Area in East Berlin: Rules, Conflicts and Negotiations, 1961-1989 -- Kennedy, Khrushchev, King, and Springsteen: Staging Visits in a Divided City -- From Old War to Cold War: Berlin as Urban Planning Laboratory in the First Postwar Years -- Entangled Entertainment: Cinema and Television in Cold War Berlin -- The Politics of Subculture in both Berlins -- Living in the Wall's Shadow: Berlin's Turkish Community, 1961-1989 -- Experimental Art and Cultural Exchange in Late Cold War Berlin -- Behind the Wall, across the Wall: Gay Activism in East-Berlin -- Exhibiting Berlin: Local History in its Museums -- Performing Berlin: The Rivaling 750th Anniversaries of 1987 -- Divided Memory in United Berlin -- Border Fragments, Border Fantasies: Cold War Berlin in Retrospect -- Index.
Kandinsky Drawings Vol 2
The first volume of the catalogue raisonné comprises 1236 works from all periods of Vasily Kandinsky's career. It begins with an addendum of fifteen watercolors and two oil-paintings, which were not included in the previous four volumes of the catalogue raisonné , followed by India ink drawings, sketches and individual works. There is complete provenance, exhibition history and bibliography for each catalogue entry as well as numerous commentaries discussing date, iconography and related works. Vivian Barnett has written a text on the artist's discovery of his own drawings in the early 1930s and his efforts to exhibit them during his lifetime. The volume concludes with a comprehensive list of one-person and group exhibitions, a selective bibliography and indexes. A second volume, which is devoted to Kandinsky's thirty-five sketchbooks that have remained intact, will appear in spring 2007.
