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Recent advances in genetics and brain biochemistry point to the Abeta peptide as the major culprit in causing neurodegeneration in Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). This book summarizes current knowledge of the Abeta peptide and its role in AD. Written by specialists in this fast moving area, the book covers fundamental biochemical studies on this peptide, the genetic impact on Abeta expression and processing, and various AD therapeutic strategies that target Abeta.
A tribute to the pioneering scientific work of Professor Koji Nakanishi, whose studies of natural products have effaced some of the conventional boundaries between biology and chemistry. It discusses an array of chromatographic separation methods and determination of structures on a microscale, analyzes bioassay-directed fractionation and other means of isolating biologically active compounds from plants and other sources, covers vital enzymes isolated from marine organisms such as algae, and more.
Keith Culver and David Castle Introduction Aquaculture is at the leading edge of a surprisingly polarized debate about the way we produce our food. According to the United Nations Food and Agriculture Organization, aquaculture production has increased 8. 8% per year since 1970, far surpassing productivity gains in terrestrial meat production at 2. 8% in the same period (FAO 2007). Like the ‘green revolution’ before it, the ‘blue revolution’ in aquaculture promises rapidly increased productivity through technology-driven - tensi?cation of aquaculture animal and plant production (Costa-Pierce 2002; The Economist 2003). Proponents of further aquaculture development emphasize aq- culture...
This book highlights the efforts made by distinguished scientific researchers world-wide to meet two key challenges: i) the limited reserves of polluting fossil fuels, and ii) the ever-increasing amounts of waste being generated. These case studies have brought to the foreground certain innovative biological solutions to real-life problems we now face on a global scale: environmental pollution and its role in deteriorating human health. The book also highlights major advances in microbial metabolisms, which can be used to produce bioenergy, biopolymers, bioactive molecules, enzymes, etc. Around the world, countries like China, Germany, France, Sweden and the US are now implementing major nat...
Enteroimmunology is the emerging field of medicine that studies the enteric immune system and microbial biome of the digestive system, and their interaction with diet, digestion, the enteric and central nervous systems and endocrine functions. It explores and elucidates how these systems affect each other, impacting health and disease. Enteroimmune disease is not limited to diseases such as irritable bowel syndrome and inflammatory bowel diseases but also cause systemic and neurological diseases. Neurological diseases discussed include autism, migraine, chronic fatigue syndrome, multiple sclerosis, bipolar and rage disorders. The gastrointestinal mucosa is predominantly lined with enterocyte...
The destiny of humans is parallel to the destiny of food. If the latter is available, then the former will also be present. The definition of food today is very different from that of our ancestors, who saw it as a nutritious thing that may obtainable through collecting or planting. However, today, food can be modified genetically and made through molecular synthesis. This book discusses the future of food, and explores the context of novel definitions of food through horizon scanning. It considers the most cutting-edge developments in the food industry, including lab-meat, nano-engineered foods, vertical agriculture, foodomics, and Marsfoods. The book also investigates new food engineering processing techniques, future technologies, and future consumption trends.
Phenolic compounds are an extremely diverse class of ubiquitous secondary metabolites produced by a variety of organisms playing different biological roles. They have numerous types of demonstrated bioactivities, including antioxidant, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, antitumoral, immunomodulator, neuroprotective, cardioprotective, and antidiabetic activities. Marine organisms produce a vast collection of unique phenolic structures, some of them not found in terrestrial habitats. Progress in different aspects is rapidly advancing, and this Special Issue will provide updated information and recent studies on marine phenolics. Specially, this issue is focused on their chemical characterization, elucidation of their structures, evaluation of their biological properties and mechanisms of action, efficient extraction and purification technologies, development of value-added applications, as well as formulation of novel products.
In the past decades, the public has been forced to revise its perception of the apparent triumph of modern hygiene and medical microbiology over infectious diseases. Not only have older infections reemerged but new epidemics, like AIDS, have lead to public uncertainty. With the onset of the bovine spongiform encephalopathy epidemic in Great Britain, novel infectious agents came into the public spotlight, ones that do not cause classical inflammation but a slow and irreversible degeneration of the central nervous system. Sensational from a scientific point of view, these agents, called proteinaceous infectious organisms or prions, were shown to be self-replicating without nucleic acid sequenc...