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Crop Residues in Sustainable Mixed Crop/livestock Farming Systems
Technological constraints and opportunities in relation to class of livestock and production objectives; Trhe influence of socioeconomic factors on the availability and utilization of crop residues as animal feeds; Crop residues in Tropical Africa: trends in supply, demand and use; Cowpea and its improvement: key to sustainable mixed crop/livestock farming systems in West Africa; Dynamics of feed resources in mixed farming systems in Southeast, South Asia; West/Central Asia-North Africaand Latin America; Crop residues as a strategic resource in mixed farming systems; Alternatives to crop residues as feed resource in mixed farming systems; Alternatives to crop residues for soil amendment; Crop residues for feeding animals in Asia: technology development and adoption in crop/livestock systems; The national perspective: a synthesis of country reports presented at the Workshop.
Managing Agricultural Residues
Many agriculturalists, conservationists, and environmentalists are stressing the importance of sustaining soil productivity so that future generations will have adequate productive land on which to produce food. One significant factor affecting soil productivity is the retention of crop residues on the surface of the soil to help control soil erosion. This book provides a review of the vast amount of literature on the subject, condensing the findings in a comprehensive, easy-to-understand manner. It focuses on topics such as erosion control, crop production in systems involving surface residues, residue use for fuel and animal feed, plant pathogens, insects, soil properties, and the economics of conservation tillage.
Crops Residue Management
Recent changes in the Conservation Compliance Plans for farmers shows the need for improved information on the effective management of crop residues. Residue management requires an understanding of the crop, soil, and climate in which the farming system is located. In this volume, the strategies for effective residue management are described for each region of the country to provide a comparison of the regional differences. The chapters not only describe the knowledge in each region but also suggest some of the needed areas of research required to develop an improved understanding of the processes involved in effective residue management.
Using Crop Residues for Soil Defense
New methods of conserving moisture and soil that increase production are of importance to the war effort in which the farmers of the United States are engaged as this publication goes to press. It is fortunate that the facts presented in this bulletin on the use of crop residues have been established at such an opportune time.
Animal Production Based on Crop Residues
China's population accounts for about 22 per cent of the world's total population, but the country has only seven per cent of global farmland. In order to ensure a sufficient food supply to feed its population, the Chinese government has explored the use of non-traditional feed resources. This publication looks at China's national programme (APCR) to establish an animal production system based on the use of crop residues such as wheat and rice straw, abundant and widely spread fodder resources, rather than using the grain supply. Over the last decade, this programme has been expanded to cover the rearing of beef and dairy cattle, sheep, goats and buffalo; and has been regarded as the turning point to resolve the nation's feed problem.
Crop Residue Management Systems
The management of croplands has a large impact on the quantity and quality of food and fiber production and on air and water quality, all of which influence the quality of our environment. Management of the nonharvested plant tissues, such as leaves, stems, branches, and roots that constitute the residues from the production of food and fiber, is one of the farm practices that affects crop production via nutrient availability and cycling. Management of these residues also provides opportunities for control of dust in the air and sediments and nutrients in waters through control of soil erosion caused by wind and water. Thus, the task ahead for the management of croplands for improvements in the overall well-being of people involves the application of known effective crop residue management systems to maintain crop production and to reduce wind and water erosion. There is need, as well, for development of more effective management systems through laboratory and field research.
