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This monograph reviews all relevant technologies based on mass spectrometry that are used to study or screen biological interactions in general. Arranged in three parts, the text begins by reviewing techniques nowadays almost considered classical, such as affinity chromatography and ultrafiltration, as well as the latest techniques. The second part focusses on all MS-based methods for the study of interactions of proteins with all classes of biomolecules. Besides pull down-based approaches, this section also emphasizes the use of ion mobility MS, capture-compound approaches, chemical proteomics and interactomics. The third and final part discusses other important technologies frequently employed in interaction studies, such as biosensors and microarrays. For pharmaceutical, analytical, protein, environmental and biochemists, as well as those working in pharmaceutical and analytical laboratories.
Glycans are complex, multi-unit carbohydrate structures that cover the surfaces of cells and guide cellular interactions. Glycobiology studies the synthesis, structure, function, regulation, and evolution of glycans and glycan-binding molecules. Glycans are synthesized and added as modifications to proteins, lipids, and RNA. Though they are often associated with functions outside of cells (glycoproteins and glycolipids are most often extracellular or secreted), glycans are also active within cells. Glycans are known to have diverse physiological roles ranging from cell adhesion (maintaining tissue structure and integrity) to molecular recognition (marking position during development, or self-identity in immunity and reproduction). Glycans also regulate cellular activity and physiological state. The families of proteins that bind glycans are called lectins. Glycans and lectins are vital in many diseases such as cancer, neurodegeneration, inflammation, allergies, asthma, and autoimmune disorders.
After the fall of France in May 1940, the British Expeditionary Force was miraculously evacuated from Dunkirk. Britain now stood alone to face Hitler’s inevitable invasion attempt. For the German army to land across the channel, Hitler needed mastery of the skies—the Royal Air Force would have to be broken. So every day throughout the summer, German bombers pounded the RAF air bases in the southern counties. Greatly outnumbered by the Luftwaffe, the pilots of RAF Fighter Command scrambled as many as five times a day, and civilians watched skies crisscrossed with the contrails from the constant dogfights between Spitfires and Me-109s. Britain’s very freedom depended on the outcome of that summer’s battle: Its air defenses were badly battered and nearly broken, but against all odds, “The Few,” as they came to be known, bought Britain’s freedom—many with their lives. More than a fifth of the British and Allied pilots died during the Battle of Britain. These are the personal accounts of the pilots who fought and survived that battle. Their stories are as riveting, as vivid, and as poignant as they were seventy years ago. We will not see their like again.
This book describes how to create Instant Messaging applications in Java and covers the Jabber IM protocols. If you want to create new IM systems, integrate them with your existing software, or wish to know more about the Jabber protocols, this is the book for you.