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Medicine as Science
Der Band beleuchtet die vergessene Identität der Medizin als moderne akademische Disziplin. Viele Arbeiten in der Geschichte und Soziologie der Wissenschaft und Medizin haben diese Identität mit dem Fokus auf die Medizin als modernen Beruf überschattet. Dieses Buch untersucht die Identitätsarbeit der Medizin von den Anfängen der modernen Forschungsuniversität bis zu den aktuellen Diskursen über Wissenschaft und Medizin mithilfe einer historischen Soziologie und unter Verwendung einer begriffsgeschichtlichen Perspektive. Es zeigt, wie wichtige Institutionen und Grundkonzepte der Medizin entstanden sind, und legt ihre kulturellen Ursprünge offen. Es wird aufgezeigt, wie die Idee der Biomedizin heute die enge Verbindung zwischen Laborforschung und Aussichten auf eine bessere Gesundheitsversorgung bedeutet.
Constructing Global Challenges in World Politics
This interdisciplinary book investigates the problematization of global challenges in world politics by analyzing what they are and how they come to be. Offering a conceptual framework, including four modes of construction—universalizing, bundling, upscaling, and creating urgency—this book provides a heuristic method for understanding how the process of rendering an issue a “global challenge” unfolds. It examines the role of the global challenges discourse, which may either reinforce or challenge the dominant orders of world politics, such as the capitalist market-based system and the liberal international order. As a consequence, the global challenges discourse facilitates the emergence of new actors and policy fields. The book will be of interest to students, academics, and practitioners of global governance, international organizations, and, more broadly, international political economy and international relations.
When Science Meets Power
Science and politics have collaborated throughout human history, and science is repeatedly invoked today in political debates, from pandemic management to climate change. But the relationship between the two is muddled and muddied. Leading policy analyst Geoff Mulgan here calls attention to the growing frictions caused by the expanding authority of science, which sometimes helps politics but often challenges it. He dissects the complex history of states’ use of science for conquest, glory and economic growth and shows the challenges of governing risk – from nuclear weapons to genetic modification, artificial intelligence to synthetic biology. He shows why the governance of science has be...
Applied Science
Robert Bud explores the rise and fall of 'applied science' as a class of scientific thought and practice. UK focussed, the study has international implications. Over two centuries, lay actors and scientists interacted through politics, stories and institutions to shape a category that would eventually fade in favour of 'technology'.
Democratic Nationalism in Scotland
Scotland's quest for statehood is a paradigmatic case of democratic nationalism. Philipp Rückheim highlights the crucial role of inclusion in this sentiment, distinguishing the political collective based on place of residence and the national collective based on identity. Case studies on national symbols such as anthem, language, and parliament show how to maintain national identity while integrating newcomers. Furthermore, the impact of religion, education, and the economy on Scotland's quest for autonomy links the functional differentiation of world society with nationalism - offering insights for anyone seeking to understand the interplay of democracy and nationalism in world society.
Sociology of Law
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Revealing Tacit Knowledge
How does tacit knowledge inscribe itself into cultural and social practices? As the established distinction between tacit and explicit or discursive forms of knowledge does not explain this question, the contributions in this volume reconstruct, describe, and analyze the manifold processes by which the tacit reveals itself: They focus, for example, on metaphors, feelings, and visualizations as explications of the tacit as well as on processes of embodiment. Taken together, they demonstrate that the tacit does not constitute a single or unified knowledge complex, but has to be understood in its differentiated and fragmented forms. In addition to scholarly essays, the volume features interviews with Mark Johnson, Theodore Schatzki, and Loïc Wacquant.
Knowledge True and Useful
A radical shift took place in medieval Europe that still shapes contemporary intellectual life: freeing themselves from the fixed beliefs of the past, scholars began to determine and pursue their own avenues of academic inquiry. In Knowledge True and Useful, Frank Rexroth shows how, beginning in the 1070s, a new kind of knowledge arose in Latin Europe that for the first time could be deemed "scientific." In the twelfth century, when Peter Abelard proclaimed the primacy of reason in all areas of inquiry (and started an affair with his pupil Heloise), it was a scandal. But he was not the only one who wanted to devote his life to this new enterprise of "scholastic" knowledge. Rexroth explores h...
Bridgebuilders
In the face of ever more complex societal challenges, this book provides an essential new model for transforming the public sector and getting things done. Pandemics. Climate change. Refugee resettlement. Global supply chains. We face a new generation of complex problems that stretch across the public and private sectors and flow over organizational boundaries. To meet the moment, we need a fresh, new approach that strengthens institutions and government agencies by breaking free from organizational boxes and rigid, top-down leadership. As William D. Eggers, executive director of Deloitte's Center for Government Insights, and Donald F. Kettl, public management scholar, show in this indispens...
