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Applied Epidemiology
Applies traditional epideiologic methods for determining disease etiology to the real-life applications of public health and health services research. This text contains a chapter on the development and use of systematic reviews and one on epidemiology and the law.
Guide to Clinical Preventive Services
An exhaustive report on recommended clinical preventive services that should be provided to patients in the course of routine clinical care, including screening for vascular, neoplastic and infectious diseases, and metabolic, hematologic, ophthalmologic and ontologic, prenatal, and musculoskeletal disorders. Also, mental disorders and substance abuse, counseling, and immunization. The majority of deaths below age 65 are preventable. This Guide results from the most comprehensive evaluation and synthesis of preventive interventions to date.
Epidemiology and Health Services
What is the relevance of epidemiology to decision making in the health services? If our ability to launch large-scale experimental studies of health services is limited, what are some alternative approaches to study design? How can we best make use of routinely collected data from health information systems? How can we best synthesize information to make more reasonable inferences? Epidemiology and Health Services is different from other books in the field. Many books and specialized publications have presented a comprehensive picture of epidemiologic methods, but they have not shown in a systematic way how these methods apply to health services. This book fills the gap, and goes even furthe...
Knowing What Works in Health Care
There is currently heightened interest in optimizing health care through the generation of new knowledge on the effectiveness of health care services. The United States must substantially strengthen its capacity for assessing evidence on what is known and not known about "what works" in health care. Even the most sophisticated clinicians and consumers struggle to learn which care is appropriate and under what circumstances. Knowing What Works in Health Care looks at the three fundamental health care issues in the United States-setting priorities for evidence assessment, assessing evidence (systematic review), and developing evidence-based clinical practice guidelines-and how each of these contributes to the end goal of effective, practical health care systems. This book provides an overall vision and roadmap for improving how the nation uses scientific evidence to identify the most effective clinical services. Knowing What Works in Health Care gives private and public sector firms, consumers, health care professionals, benefit administrators, and others the authoritative, independent information required for making essential informed health care decisions.
Abortion Policy
In the first study of its kind, Jerome Legge provides a reasoned and dispassionate summary of the procedures and effects of abortion. The ethics of abortion have been widely discussed by philosophers, social scientists, and health professionals. Until now, however, little has been devoted to the results of various abortion policy changes. Legge examines the effects of abortion policy changes on maternal and infant health in the United States, Great Britain, and Eastern Europe. He looks at both liberal and restrictive abortion policies, demonstrating the importance of historical and cultural context on the outcome of policy changes. Abortion Policy makes available the latest research in the field. It addresses many of the questions evaded in the moral debate on abortion: Have legal abortions lowered the overall number of abortion deaths? Has maternal health improved for society as a whole? Has infant and fetal mortality been reduced? How and to what extent does abortion policy interact with other societal interventions such as health spending and contraception?
Multivariate Methods in Epidemiology
The basis for much of medical public health practice comes from epidemiological research. This text describes current statistical tools that are used to analyze the association between possible risk factors and the actual risk of disease. Beginning with a broad conceptual framework on the disease process, it describes commonly used techniques for analyzing proportions and disease rates. These are then extended to model fitting, and the common threads of logic that bind the two analytic strategies together are revealed. Each chapter provides a descriptive rationale for the method, a worked example using data from a published study, and an exercise that allows the reader to practice the techni...
Leadership Commitments to Improve Value in Health Care
This volume reports on discussions among multiple stakeholders about ways they might help transform health care in the United States. The U.S. healthcare system consists of a complex network of decentralized and loosely associated organizations, services, relationships, and participants. Each of the healthcare system's component sectors-patients, healthcare professionals, healthcare delivery organizations, healthcare product developers, clinical investigators and evaluators, regulators, insurers, employers and employees, and individuals involved in information technology-conducts activities that support a common goal: to improve patient health and wellbeing. Implicit in this goal is the commitment of each stakeholder group to contribute to the evidence base for health care, that is, to assist with the development and application of information about the efficacy, safety, effectiveness, value, and appropriateness of the health care delivered.
Ethics in Reproductive and Perinatal Medicine
Advances in reproductive and perinatal medicine have given rise to difficult ethical issues. Do all women have the right to choose whether to reproduce? What is the moral status of the fetus during various stages of gestation and what obligations do parents have to the fetus during this period? In this book Carson Strong develops an ethical framework that helps resolve these and many other issues of vital concern to health professionals, policymakers, and the general public. Strong begins by exploring the significance of reproductive freedom, drawing on constitutional law and feminist writings, among other sources. Next he assesses the moral status of offspring during preembryonic, embryonic...
