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Solid oxide fuel cells offer great prospects for the sustainable, clean and safe conversion of various fuels into electrical energy. In this thesis, the performance-determining loss processes for the cell operation on reformate fuels are elucidated via electrochemical impedance spectroscopy. Model-based analyses reveal the electrochemical fuel oxidation mechanism, the coupling of fuel gas transport and reforming chemistry and the impact of fuel impurities on the degradation of each loss process.
The past three decades have witnessed the great success of lithium-ion batteries, especially in the areas of 3C products, electrical vehicles, and smart grid applications. However, further optimization of the energy/power density, coulombic efficiency, cycle life, charge speed, and environmental adaptability are still needed. To address these issues, a thorough understanding of the reaction inside a battery or dynamic evolution of each component is required. Microscopy and Microanalysis for Lithium-Ion Batteries discusses advanced analytical techniques that offer the capability of resolving the structure and chemistry at an atomic resolution to further drive lithium-ion battery research and development. • Provides comprehensive techniques that probe the fundamentals of Li-ion batteries. • Covers the basic principles of the techniques involved as well as its application in battery research. • Describes details of experimental setups and procedure for successful experiments. This reference is aimed at researchers, engineers, and scientists studying lithium-ion batteries including chemical, materials, and electrical engineers, as well as chemists and physicists.
Diese Arbeit präsentiert ein physikalisch motiviertes Modell, welches die Zellspannung einer Lithium-Ionen-Batterie auf Basis der Zellimpedanz vorhersagt. Das Modell wurde an einer kommerziellen Pouchzelle parametriert und validiert. In einer umfassenden Simulationsstudie wird der Einfluss der Elektrodenmikrostruktur auf die Energie- und Leistungsdichte der Zelle quantifiziert. Darüber hinaus wird eine Routine zur Entwicklung anwendungsspezifischer Zelldesigns vorgestellt. - This work presents a physically motivated model that predicts the cell voltage of a lithium-ion-battery based on its impedance. The model was parameterized and validated on a commercial pouch cell. In a comprehensive simulation study, the influence of the electrode microstructure parameters on the energy and power density is quantified. Furthermore, a routine for the development of application-specific cell designs is developed.
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This is a print on demand book and is therefore non- returnable. In this volume, several leading scholars harvest the best of Western thinking on religious liberty. An opening chapter shows how religious liberty emerged slowly in the West through centuries of cruel experience and growing enlightenment. Separate chapters thereafter take up the unique role of such titans as Marsilius, Luther, Calvin, Hobbes, Locke, Rousseau, Burke, Tocqueville, and the American framers in the Western drama of religious liberty. From widely divergent experiences, these titans discovered the cardinal principles of religious liberty -- religious pluralism and toleration, religious equality and non- discrimination, liberty of conscience and association, freedom of expression and exercise. From widely discordant convictions, they distilled the most enduring models of church and state and of religion and law in the West -- from the organic models of earlier centuries to the dualistic models of more recent times. Contributors: Brian Tierney Steven Ozment John Witte Jr. Joshua Mitchell W. Cole Durham Jr. Michael W. McConnell Ellis Sandoz Thomas L. Pangle
Painting has long dominated discussions of Netherlandish art. Yet in the sixteenth century sculpture was held in considerably higher regard than painting, especially in foreign lands. This beautifully illustrated book is the first comprehensive study of sixteenth-century Netherlandish sculpture, and it opens an important window onto the works and milieu of these artists. Netherlanders dominated the sculptural world of northern Europe. They made the most prestigious tombs and altarpieces, alabaster reliefs, and boxwood collectibles for patrons throughout Iberia, France, and Central Europe. Even in Italy they were a formidable presence; the most famous sculptor in Europe in the second half of ...
In dieser Arbeit wird der Stackbetrieb von Festoxidzellen (engl. Solid Oxide Cells, SOCs) mit Hilfe eines Simulationsmodells analysiert. Hierfür werden sämtliche gekoppelten physikalischen und chemischen Teilprozesse innerhalb einer zweidimensionalen Geometrie einer einzelnen Stackebene abgebildet. Nach der Parametrierung mit experimentellen Daten und einer umfangreichen Validierung, wird das Modell auf drei Fragestellungen der SOC-Technologie angewendet. - In this work, the stack operation of solid oxide cells (SOCs) is analyzed by a simulation model. For this purpose, all coupled physical and chemical sub-processes are represented within a two-dimensional geometry of a single stack level. After parameterization with experimental data and extensive validation, the model is applied to three research issues in SOC technology.
This work presents a numerical FEM framework, capable of predicting SOFC performance under technically relevant, planar stack contacting conditions. A high level of confidence in the model predictions is supplied by using exclusively experimentally determined material/kinetic parameters and by a comprehensive validation. The presented model aids SOFC stack development by pre-evaluating possible material choices and design combinations for cells/interconnectors without any experimental effort.