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Naturalness
In Naturalness, Dieter Birnbacher delves into an argument common in everyday thinking and ethics—the argument of naturalness. This argument suggests that what is natural is in some ways superior to what is artificial, due to repeated positive connotations associated with the natural. This book presents both a phenomenology and a critique. For the former, Naturalness reviews the role of naturalistic arguments in various domains of everyday language and reasoning as well as in political and ethical debates, especially regarding controversial issues in preservation. For the latter, it critically discusses the persuasiveness of naturalness, both intellectually and morally, and how it is currently no more than an expression of conservatism and resistance to change in basic orientations.
The Legacy of Hans Jonas
An international, interdisciplinary, and interreligious retrospective examination of Hans Jonas (1903-1993) that engages his ideas in light of Existentialism, utopian thought, process philosophy and theology, Zionism, and environmentalism.
Clinical Ethics Consultation
This volume brings together researchers from different European countries and disciplines who are involved in Clinical Ethics Consultation (CEC). The work provides an analysis of the theories and methods underlying CEC as well a discussion of practical issues regarding the implementation and evaluation of CEC. The first section deals with different possible approaches in CEC. The authors explore the question of how we should decide complex cases in clinical ethics, that is, which ethical theory, approach or method is most suitable in order to make an informed ethical decision. It also discusses whether clinical ethicists should be ethicists by education or rather well-trained facilitators wi...
Justice over the Course of Life
In this interdisciplinary book, experts from philosophy, medicine, law, psychology, economics, and social sciences address questions and develop solutions for a well-designed society of long life. Young as well as old people have to actively shape more and more of their life span. At the same time, aging becomes more multifaceted: the individual view on one’s own life course is changing, and the needs and demands for a fulfilled life are diversifying. The implications affect all spheres of life – from education and workplace to health care and the culture of interaction. They require content-related and structural adjustments for a diverse society of longevity in which multiple generations live alongside each other. But how can change be managed responsibly, how can individual and collective responsibility be distributed appropriately, and how can a sustainable and fair social future be ensured?
Four Crises of American Democracy
In Four Crises of American Democracy, Alasdair Roberts puts democratic malaise in the United States in perspective. He describes four distinct "democratic crises" over the past century, and describes how government changed in response to each crisis. The institutions of American democracy, Roberts says, are more flexible than is often appreciated.
A Theory of Intergenerational Justice
This highly accessible book provides an extensive and comprehensive overview of current research and theory about why and how we should protect future generations. It exposes how and why the interests of people today and those of future generations are often in conflict and what can be done. It rebuts critical concepts such as Parfits' non-identity paradox and Beckerman's denial of any possibility of intergenerational justice. The core of the book is the lucid application of a veil of ignorance to derive principles of intergenerational justice which show that our duties to posterity are stronger than is often supposed. Tremmel's approach demands that each generation both consider and improve the well-being of future generations. To measure the well-being of future generations Tremmel employs the Human Development Index rather than the metrics of utilitarian subjective happiness. The book thus answers in detailed, concrete terms the two most important questions of every theory of intergenerational justice: what to sustain? and how much to sustain?
The Kantian Foundation of Schopenhauer's Pessimism
Cover -- Title -- Copyright -- Dedication -- Contents -- Preface -- Note on References -- Introduction -- 1 Schopenhauer's Philosophical Pedigree -- 2 Schopenhauer on Knowledge -- 3 Schopenhauer's Metaphysics -- 4 Schopenhauer on Ethics and Action -- 5 Schopenhauer's Philosophy of Religion -- 6 Schopenhauer's Aesthetics -- 7 Schopenhauer's Ascetics -- Conclusion -- Bibliography -- Index
Efficiency, Sustainability, and Justice to Future Generations
Fifty years after the famous essay “The Problem of Social Cost” (1960) by the Nobel laureate Ronald Coase, Law and Economics seems to have become the lingua franca of American jurisprudence, and although its influence on European jurisprudence is only moderate by comparison, it has also gained popularity in Europe. A highly influential publication of a different nature was the Brundtland Report (1987), which extended the concept of sustainability from forestry to the whole of the economy and society. According to this report, development is sustainable when it “meets the needs of the present without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their own needs”. A key requir...
Contemporary Perspectives on Early Modern Philosophy
Normativity has long been conceived as more properly pertaining to the domain of thought than to the domain of nature. This conception goes back to Kant and still figures prominently in contemporary epistemology, philosophy of mind and ethics. By offering a collection of new essays by leading scholars in early modern philosophy and specialists in contemporary philosophy, this volume goes beyond the point where nature and normativity came apart, and challenges the well-established opposition between these all too neatly separated realms. It examines how the mind’s embeddedness in nature can be conceived as a starting point for uncovering the links between naturally and conventionally determ...
