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Nazi Collaborators on Trial during the Cold War
This book is a study of the legal reckoning with the crimes of the Latvian Auxiliary Security Police and its political dimensions in the Soviet Union, West and East Germany, and the United States in the context of the Cold War. Decades of work by prosecutors have established the facts of Latvian collaboration with the Nazis during the Holocaust. No group made a deeper mark in the annals of atrocity than the men of the so-called 'Arajs Kommando' and their leader, Viktors Arājs, who killed tens of thousands of Jews on Latvian soil and participated in every aspect of the 'Holocaust by Bullets.' This study also has significance for coming to terms with Latvia’s encounter with Nazism – a process that was stunted and distorted by Latvia’s domination by the USSR until 1991. Examining the country’s most notorious killers, their fates on both sides of the Iron Curtain, and contemporary Latvians’ responses in different political contexts, this volume is a record of the earliest phases of this process, which must now continue and to which this book contributes.
Becoming Evil
Social psychologist James Waller uncovers the internal and external factors that can lead ordinary people to commit extraordinary acts of evil. Waller offers a sophisticated and comprehensive psychological view of how anyone can potentially participate in heinous crimes against humanity. He outlines the evolutionary forces that shape human nature, the individual dispositions that are more likely to engage in acts of evil, and the context of cruelty in which these extraordinary acts can emerge. Eyewitness accounts are presented at the end of each chapter. In this second edition, Waller has revised and updated eyewitness accounts and substantially reworked Part II of the book, removing the chapter about human nature and evolutionary adaptations, and instead using this evolutionary perspective as a base for his entire model of human evil.
Flight and Concealment
Between ten thousand and twelve thousand Jews tried to escape Nazi genocide by going into hiding. With the help of Jewish and non-Jewish relatives, friends, or people completely unknown to them, these "U-boats," as they came to be known, dared to lead a life underground. Flight and Concealment brings to light their hidden stories. Deftly weaving together personal accounts with a broader comparative look at the experiences of Jews throughout Germany, historian Susanna Schrafstetter tells the story of the Jews in Munich and Upper Bavaria who fled deportation by going underground. Archival sources and interviews with survivors and with the Germans who aided or exploited them reveal a complex, often intimate story of hope, greed, and sometimes betrayal. Flight and Concealment shows the options and strategies for survival of those in hiding and their helpers, and discusses the ways in which some Germans enriched themselves at the expense of the refugees.
Eichmann Trial Reconsidered
The Eichmann Trial Reconsidered explores the legacy and consequences of the trial of Adolf Eichmann.
Dislocated Memories
The first volume of its kind, Dislocated Memories: Jews, Music, and Postwar German Culture draws together three significant areas of inquiry: Jewish music, German culture, and the legacy of the Holocaust. Jewish music - a highly debated topic - encompasses a multiplicity of musics and cultures, reflecting an inherent and evolving hybridity and transnationalism. German culture refers to an equally diverse concept that, in this volume, includes the various cultures of prewar Germany, occupied Germany, the divided and reunified Germany, and even "German (Jewish) memory," which is not necessarily physically bound to Germany. In the context of these perspectives, the volume makes powerful argumen...
War on Hate
The UN outlawed genocide in 1948, and the United States launched a war on terror in 2001; yet still today, neither genocide nor terrorism shows any sign of abating. This book explains why those efforts have fallen short and identifies policies that can prevent such carnage. The key is getting the causation analysis right. Conventional wisdom emphasizes ancient hatreds, poverty, and the impact of Western colonialism as drivers of mass violence. But far more important is the inciting power of mass, ideological hate propaganda: this is what activates the drive to commit mass atrocities, and creates the multitude of perpetrators needed to conduct a genocide or sustain a terror campaign. A secondary causal factor is illiberal, dualistic political culture: this is the breeding ground for the extremist, “us-vs-them” ideologies that always precipitate episodes of mass hate incitement. A two-tiered policy response naturally follows from this analysis: in the short term, several targeted interventions to curtail outbreaks of such incitement; and in the long term, support for indigenous agents of liberalization in venues most at risk for ideologically-driven violence.
Daviborshch's Cart
Among these communities, three local men from the villages of Serniki, Israylovka, and Gnivan were intimately implicated in such killing operations: Ivan Polyukhovich, a forester in the German-controlled administration; Heinrich Wagner, a Volksdeutscher liaison officer; and Mikolay Berezowsky, a member of the local police force. More than fifty years later, these three men were arrested and brought to trial in Australia for their alleged war crimes.
DDR-Justiz und NS-Verbrechen
A collection of decisions of East German (Soviet occupation authority and GDR) courts in trials for war crimes resulting in death or intended to result in death. In a few hundred cases, the victims were Jews. The supplementary volume includes comprehensive indexes to names of the accused (full names of those sentenced to death or lifelong imprisonment or deceased, and of well-known persons; abbreviated names to protect the identity of the rest); the organizations in which they served; the courts; the nature of the victims (e.g. soldiers, civilians, Jews, gypsies); type of crime; country, locale, and date of crime; and the punishment imposed. The supplementary volume includes an exposition on the legal basis of the trials by Günther Wieland, "Die Ahndung von NS-Verbrechen in Ostdeutschland 1945-1990" (p. 13-94), the texts of the relevant GDR and international laws, and texts of Nazi government and army directives ordering criminal acts, including the Wannsee protocol. Contents:
DDR-Justiz und NS-Verbrechen
A collection of decisions of East German (Soviet occupation authority and GDR) courts in trials for war crimes resulting in death or intended to result in death. In a few hundred cases, the victims were Jews. The supplementary volume includes comprehensive indexes to names of the accused (full names of those sentenced to death or lifelong imprisonment or deceased, and of well-known persons; abbreviated names to protect the identity of the rest); the organizations in which they served; the courts; the nature of the victims (e.g. soldiers, civilians, Jews, gypsies); type of crime; country, locale, and date of crime; and the punishment imposed. The supplementary volume includes an exposition on the legal basis of the trials by Günther Wieland, "Die Ahndung von NS-Verbrechen in Ostdeutschland 1945-1990" (p. 13-94), the texts of the relevant GDR and international laws, and texts of Nazi government and army directives ordering criminal acts, including the Wannsee protocol. Contents:
DDR-Justiz und NS-Verbrechen
A collection of decisions of East German (Soviet occupation authority and GDR) courts in trials for war crimes resulting in death or intended to result in death. In a few hundred cases, the victims were Jews. The supplementary volume includes comprehensive indexes to names of the accused (full names of those sentenced to death or lifelong imprisonment or deceased, and of well-known persons; abbreviated names to protect the identity of the rest); the organizations in which they served; the courts; the nature of the victims (e.g. soldiers, civilians, Jews, gypsies); type of crime; country, locale, and date of crime; and the punishment imposed. The supplementary volume includes an exposition on the legal basis of the trials by Günther Wieland, "Die Ahndung von NS-Verbrechen in Ostdeutschland 1945-1990" (p. 13-94), the texts of the relevant GDR and international laws, and texts of Nazi government and army directives ordering criminal acts, including the Wannsee protocol. Contents:
