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The book is oriented towards undergraduates science and engineering students; postgraduates and researchers pursuing the field of microbiology, biotechnology, chemical - biochemical engineering and pharmacy. Various applications of microorganisms have been covered broadly and have been appropriately reflected in depth in 12 different chapters. The book begins with an insight to the diverse niche of microorganisms which have been explored and exploited in development of various biotechnological products and green processes. Further, how these microorganisms have been genetically modified to improve the desired traits for achieving optimal production of microbially derived products is discusse...
Lingual orthodontics can correct most orthodontics problem that can be treated by conventional labial technique include malposition of teeth, anteroposterior discrepancies and pre-prosthetic surgical cases. This system consists of specially designed brackets which is suitable to be placed in the lingual surface of the tooth. The adult patients segment has higher resistance in committing to orthodontic treatments as opposed to younger patients. With the increasing number of adult patients in orthodontic practices, the lingual orthodontic treatment has become a treatment of choice due to its aesthetic appeal for most adults. As the numbers of adult patients who seeking orthodontic treatment are increasing rapidly, the demand of aesthetic orthodontics has been increased, many appliances have been introduced to the market. The ultimate of which are appliances bonded to the lingual surfaces of the teeth.
Nutrition is an important modifiable parameter, which can have a major impact on oral health. Poor nutritional status can adversely affect oral health and poor oral health can influence dietary intake and subsequently lead to malnutrition and oral health can play a crucial role in maintaining good nutrition. Interdisciplinary teams of general practitioners, dentist, nurses and dieticians working together can help assure that patients maintain good oral health status and adequate nutrition are maintained. To maintain health, the human body needs daily nourishment in the form of carbohydrates, proteins and minerals. The associations between oral health conditions, dietary practices and nutriti...
Forensic dentistry primarily deals with identification, based on recognition of unique features present in individual’s dental structures. It plays a major role in identification in man-made or natural disasters –events that result in multiple fatalities that may not be identifiable through conventional methods such as fingerprints. The importance of teeth for identification is because of their highly mineralized composition, which makes them resistant to the influences of the external environment. With increasing awareness among general public of legal issues surrounding health care, in forensic purposes, and with the worrying rise in malpractice of insurance claim cases, a thorough kno...
Volume is indexed by Thomson Reuters CPCI-S (WoS).Proceedings of the 2011 International Conference on Materials Science and Computing Science (MSCS 2011), held in Wuhan, China, on August 13th-14th, 2011. The objective of MSCS 2011 was to provide a forum within which researchers, educators, engineers, and government officials involved in the general areas of Materials Science and Computing Science could disseminate their latest research results and exchange views on future research directions in these fields.
This book is intended for the general practitioner with a special interest in endodontics, students undergoing specialist training and specialists alike. Endodontic retreatment poses many practical challenges. Advances in scientific knowledge and the integration of operating microscopes into endodontic practice have seen the possibilities for predictable endodontic treatment and retreatment expand dramatically. Advanced Endodontics: Clinical Retreatment describes many of the techniques and methods available for practitioners who wish to undertake the planning and treatment of complex endodontic retreatment. The text is referenced to provide a comprehensive but discreet source of scientific evidence, principles and further reading. Knowledge and theory are important in managing complex endodontic retreatment cases, but cannot be a substitute for essential practical and clinical experience. These skills need to be learned and practiced. Novices should always start with the simplest cases and never proceed beyond their confidence or skill level. Numerous practical courses are available for instruction on retreatment techniques and attendance on them can only be encouraged.