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Structural stability is of fundamental importance in materials science. Up-to-date information on the theoretical aspects of phase stability of materials is contained in this volume. Most of the first-principles calculations are based on the local-density approximation (LDA). In contrast, this volume contains very recent results of "going beyond LDA", such as the density gradient expansion and the quantum Monte-Carlomethod. Following the recently introduced theoretical methods for the calculation of interatomic potentials, forces acting on atoms and total energies such as the Car-Parrinello, the effective-medium and the bond-ordermethod, attempts have been made to develop even more sophisticated methods such as the order-N method in electronic-structure calculations. The present status of these methods and their application to real systems are described. In addition, in order to study the phase stability atfinite temperatures, the microscopic calculations have to be combined with statistical treatment of the systems to describe, e.g. order-disorder transitions on the Si(001) surface or alloy phase diagrams. This book contains examples for this type of calculations.
Women have played a prominent role in shaping South Carolina's history through active participation in many aspects of the state's development, from securing state appropriations for public libraries to helping to establish the South Carolina Board of Social Services. While many of their achievements have been documented by various organizations, a number of these irreplaceable records have been lost or discarded. Winthrop University, for years one of the largest women's colleges in the nation, strives to preserve these important documents that tell the story of South Carolina women and the contributions they have made. The images in this volume are from the extensive collection of the Winthrop University Archives, which includes the records of the university and state women's organizations as well as numerous personal letters, scrapbooks, and diaries. Within these pages, you will discover the impact that women have made on education, politics, religion, sports, business, and the arts, and learn first hand about their lives and individual accomplishments.
Solid State Physics
Vols. for 1963- include as pt. 2 of the Jan. issue: Medical subject headings.
The publication entitled "Surface Studies by Scanning Tunneling Mi Rl croscopy" by Binnig, Rohrer, Gerber and Weibel of the IBM Research Lab oratory in Riischlikon in 1982 immediately raised considerable interest in the sur face science community. It was demonstrated in Reference R1 that images from atomic structures of surfaces like individual steps could be obtained simply by scanning the surface with a sharp metal tip, which was kept in a constant distance of approximately 10 A from the sample surface. The distance control in scanning tunneling microscopy (STM) was realized by a feedback circuit, where the electri cal tunneling current through the potential barrier between tip and sample ...
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This book provides a practically applicable guide to the use of multimodality imaging for managing aortic valve disorders. Details of how to successfully diagnose a range of aortic valve diseases is presented, with detailed information covered on the techniques and relevant criteria for pre-operative screening, surgical and transcatheter planning, intraprocedural imaging and related postoperative follow-up. Multimodality Imaging for Cardiac Valvular Interventions, Volume 1 Aortic Valve: From Diagnosis to Decision-Making enables the reader to develop a thorough understanding and confidence of how to make appropriate clinical decisions when confronted by a range of aortic valve diseases. It is therefore a key resource for practicing cardiac imagers, cardiologists and interventional cardiologists who encounter these patients in their day-to-day clinical practice and trainees in cardiology seeking insight on the appropriate management of these patients.