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Due to the ageing population, the need for cataract surgery is increasing very steeply in line with demographic change. Cataract surgery is a highly successful and cost-effective intervention, but the implantation of conventional monofocal intraocular lenses (IOLs) only allows a restoration of distance vision, with minimal postoperative functionality of near and intermediate vision, which are necessary for many common daily tasks. Although the removal of the opacified crystalline lens has been demonstrated to have a very positive impact on the mental health, daily functioning, and Quality of Life (QoL) of patients, it is not surprising that the poor visual restoration achieved with conventional monofocal IOLs at different near and intermediate distances might limit patient functioning and consequently QoL, considering changing lifestyles and increased working years. Therefore, this has led to a growing interest toward IOLs that may also reduce spectacle dependence for intermediate and near distances.
The world is digitising as the need for low-carbon transitions gains urgency. Decarbonising energy requires the digital process control of energy production, transmission and end use. Diversified electrification across sectors requires real-time digital coordination of distributed energy production, At the same time, digitisation is accompanied by significant increases in energy demand, partly compensated through energy efficiency gains. The emergent linkages between digitisation and decarbonisation that constitute and enable the twin transition are the subject of this book. The collection features authors from across the social sciences who situate digitisation and low-carbon energy transitions in the socio-technical and political economic contexts in which they unfold, to offer insights on the dynamics and contingencies of digitisation in and beyond the energy sector. This is an open access book.
Current knowledge of the epidemiology, clinical expression, pathophysiology and available medical and surgical therapy for ocular surface diseases, providing an invaluable text for ocular surface specialists, general ophthalmologists, optometrists and residents.
“Intelligent systems are those which produce intelligent o?springs.” AI researchers have been focusing on developing and employing strong methods that are capable of solving complex real-life problems. The 18th International Conference on Industrial & Engineering Applications of Arti?cial Intelligence & Expert Systems (IEA/AIE 2005) held in Bari, Italy presented such work performed by many scientists worldwide. The Program Committee selected long papers from contributions presenting more complete work and posters from those reporting ongoing research. The Committee enforced the rule that only original and unpublished work could be considered for inclusion in these proceedings. The Progra...
La Gara Matematica di Firenze compie trenta anni. La competizione si rivolge a studenti della scuola secondaria superiore. Ai partecipanti sono proposti quattro esercizi per risolvere i quali sono più importanti capacità logiche e di ragionamento matematico piuttosto che conoscenze tecniche. Questo volume raccoglie i temi assegnati nelle edizioni fin qui svolte risolti e commentati. I quesiti assegnati, tutti di tipo dimostrativo, rendono questo volume interessante per docenti e studenti che intendano avvicinarsi alle competizioni matematiche.
Sozialen Innovationen kommt heute – noch verstärkt durch die Corona-Pandemie – immer mehr Aufmerksamkeit zuteil. In Deutschland hat es einige Zeit gebraucht, bis das Konzept und seine Bedeutung ins politische Bewusstsein gerückt ist. Dieser Band spiegelt die interdisziplinären Perspektiven auf Soziale Innovationen wider und fragt nach deren Potenzial, die großen gesellschaftlichen Herausforderungen, etwa soziale Ungleichheit oder Klimawandel, zu bewältigen. Dabei nehmen die Beiträge auch förderpolitische Ansätze auf nationaler und internationaler Ebene und Kriterien zur Bewertung und Wirkung von Sozialen Innovationen in den Blick. https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0
This book explores the new rules and codes that are required in order to foster the implementation of smart city technologies with a view to meeting the environmental and energy challenges posed by dynamic contemporary cities with increasing populations. In particular, it proposes a methodological approach suitable for use when devising a smart urban/building code for local administrations, taking into account the current European regulatory framework (directives and technical norms) and evaluating the economic feasibility of the suggested measures. A case study is made of a large Mediterranean city in Italy that can be regarded as a paradigm of urban evolution, where a traditional individua...
The book discusses the concept of the smart city, and is based on a multi-service and multi-sectoral approach to urban planning, including various urban functions and the human capital of cities. The work is divided into three parts. The first is an introductory section which covers definitions, policies and tools used at European level for the development and classification of a smart city. The second presents a selection of examples of Western and Eastern communities, which experienced technologies and strategies that have made them smart. The third describes in detail the main three possible approaches (economical, technological and social) to the smart city concept which are the focus ambits of the holistic concept of smart city. The work provides a good overview of the concept of smart city, and also offers a critical analysis of the various approaches to smart cities, in order to provide tools to develop solutions that address the smart development of cities with an approach as multi-sectoral as possible. Its accessible language and several examples make the book easy to read and appealing to public administrators, students, planners and researchers.