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Immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI), such as anti-CTLA-4 and anti-PD-1/PD-L, have demonstrated significant clinical effects on the neutralization of immunosuppressive mechanisms in the tumor microenvironment (TME). Over the years, tremendous advances have been made in cancer immunotherapy, yet we are far from discovering the cure for the disease.
The field of molecular imaging of living subjects have evolved considerably and have seen spectacular advances in chemistry, engineering and biomedical applications. This textbook was designed to fill the need for an authoritative source for this multi-disciplinary field. We have been fortunate to recruit over 80 leading authors contributing 75 individual chapters. Given the multidisciplinary nature of the field, the book is broken into six different sections: "Molecular Imaging technologies", "Chemistry", "Molecular Imaging in Cell and Molecular Biology", "Applications of Molecular Imaging", "Molecular Imaging in Drug Evaluation" with the final section comprised of chapters on computation, bioinformatics and modeling. The organization of this large amount of information is logical and strives to avoid redundancies among chapters. It encourages the use of figures to illustrate concepts and to provide numerous molecular imaging examples.
This monograph is concerned with systematization of the infrared spectra of an important natural polymer, cellulose, and its derivatives. The infrared spectra of the main classes of cellulose derivatives are de scribed and interpreted and those of such model compounds as mono-, di-, and trisaccharides are considered. Considerable attention is given to prob lems of technique in obtaining infrared spectra of fibrous cellulose materials, and to the analytical possibilities of infrared spectroscopy in studies of the properties of cellulose and its derivatives. The book will be of use to scientific and plant workers interested in the study and treatment of cellulose, compounds related to cellulos...
In 1924 Konstantin Stanislavsky expressed his sadness and frustration when he referred to the Moscow Art Theatre studios as Lear's daughters. The studios, which he founded and supported, had betrayed the ideals and teachings of their master in their search for their own aesthetic identity. This is a story about the studios and the artists who worked side by side with Stanislavsky in the development and practical application of his System of Actor Training, which forms the foundation of most Western acting schools today.
Of all the different areas in computational chemistry, density functional theory (DFT) enjoys the most rapid development. Even at the level of the local density approximation (LDA), which is computationally less demanding, DFT can usually provide better answers than Hartree-Fock formalism for large systems such as clusters and solids. For atoms and molecules, the results from DFT often rival those obtained by ab initio quantum chemistry, partly because larger basis sets can be used. Such encouraging results have in turn stimulated workers to further investigate the formal theory as well as the computational methodology of DFT.This Part II expands on the methodology and applications of DFT. Some of the chapters report on the latest developments (since the publication of Part I in 1995), while others extend the applications to wider range of molecules and their environments. Together, this and other recent review volumes on DFT show that DFT provides an efficient and accurate alternative to traditional quantum chemical methods. Such demonstration should hopefully stimulate frutiful developments in formal theory, better exchange-correlation functionals, and linear scaling methodology.
Biomedical photonics is currently one of the fastest growing fields, connecting research in physics, optics, and electrical engineering coupled with medical and biological applications. It allows for the structural and functional analysis of tissues and cells with resolution and contrast unattainable by any other methods. However, the major challenges of many biophotonics techniques are associated with the need to enhance imaging resolution even further to the sub-cellular level as well as translate them for in vivo studies. The tissue optical clearing method uses immersion of tissues into optical clearing agents (OCAs) that reduces the scattering of tissue and makes tissue more transparent ...
This book focuses on histone mutations, especially those mutations closely related to cancer. Genetic mutations and epigenetic alterations contribute to the development of a variety of cancers: recent genetic studies have identified e.g. H3K27M and H3G34R/V mutation in over 75% of DIPG cases, H3.3K36M mutation in more than 90% of chondroblastoma cases, and H3G34W/L mutation in over 90% of giant cell tumors of bone. Given the high incidence and tumorigenesis effects of histone H3 mutations, they are also referred to as oncohistones. This book highlights the advances made in the area over the past 10 years, and offers a state-of-the-art summary of epigenetic alternation, gene expression, protein structure, drug discovery, immunotherapy, and mouse modeling of histone H3 mutations in various tumors. Chiefly intended to provide researchers and graduate students with an overall picture of these mutations, it will also be of interest to researchers in basic oncology, clinical oncology, and epigenetics, as well as academics and clinical oncology practitioners.
Electrocorrosion and Protection of Metals, Second Edition, compiles theoretical and practical information, outlines the specific problem, and presents the available solutions related to corrosion by external currents. Basic data on the behavior of different metals under the attack of anodic, cathodic, direct and alternating currents is considered, as are the problems of electrocorrosion—from the identification of corrosion damage and detection of the external current sources, to the selection of optimal means and methods of mitigation, monitoring and protection of different metallic structures and structures of reinforced concrete. This book includes comprehensive information and provides ...
Russian and Soviet cinema occupies a unique place in the history of world cinema. Legendary filmmakers such as Sergei Eisenstein, Vsevolod Pudovkin, Dziga Vertov, Andrei Tarkovsky, and Sergei Paradjanov have created oeuvres that are being screened and studied all over the world. The Soviet film industry was different from others because its main criterion of success was not profit, but the ideological and aesthetic effect on the viewer. Another important feature is Soviet cinema’s multinational (Eurasian) character: while Russian cinema was the largest, other national cinemas such as Georgian, Kazakh, and Ukrainian played a decisive role for Soviet cinema as a whole. The Historical Diction...