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Recent Advances in Complex Functional Materials
In this book we explore new approaches to understanding the physical and chemical properties of emergent complex functional materials, revealing a close relationship between their structures and properties at the molecular level. The primary focus of this book is on the ability to synthesize materials with a controlled chemical composition, a crystallographic structure, and a well-defined morphology. Special attention is also given to the interplay of theory, simulation and experimental results, in order to interconnect theoretical knowledge and experimental approaches, which can reveal new scientific and technological directions in several fields, expanding the versatility to yield a variet...
Research Topics in Bioactivity, Environment and Energy
This book covers edge-point applications in science and engineering. The chapters discuss the functional properties of advanced engineering materials and biomolecules, improving the comprehension of their chemical physical properties and potential for new technological and medicinal applications. The book presents a small number of experimental techniques and computational simulation models from basic concepts of classical/quantum mechanics, physics, chemistry, biology, statistical methods that can predict important applications and properties of these materials/biomolecules. The content shows how improving design of new systems helps in addressing future world problems (health, energy, food, environment, transportation, housing, clothing, etc.), i.e., almost every aspects of our daily lives.
Focus on Bacterial Biofilms
Bacterial biofilms are colonies of bacterial cells embedded in their self-produced matrix composed of polysaccharides, DNA, and proteins. They protect bacterial cells against antibiotics, antibacterial agents, soaps and detergents, and shear stress. Some of the most common biofilm-associated infections in humans include urinary tract infections, infection of wounds and surgical sites, diabetic foot ulcers, dental caries (tooth decay) and gingivitis (gum inflammation), ventilator-associated infections, sinusitis, microbial keratitis, secondary infection related to Covid-19 and other viral infections, and so on. Bacterial resistance to common antibiotics (e.g., penicillin, gentamycin, erythromycin, ciprofloxacin, etc.) is driving us to a catastrophic failure of our health systems. Strategies to develop novel antibacterial agents and technology must be prioritized to combat and eradicate biofilms and their associated challenges. This book provides a comprehensive overview of biofilms with chapters on bacterial virulence factors, quorum sensing in bacteria, antimicrobial resistance in bacteria, strategies to develop new antibacterial agents, and much more.
Between Science And Industry: Institutions In The History Of Materials Research
Materials science institutions have always been crucial to the development of materials research. Even before materials science emerged as a discipline in the 20th century, these institutions existed in various forms. They provided specialized facilities for research, educated new generations of researchers, drafted policies and funded programs, enabled valuable connections between research groups, or played any other role which were needed to further the progress of materials science.This volume, the third in a series of volumes covering the development and history of materials science, presents illuminating perspectives on material science institutions. Twenty chapters are organized into s...
Praxair Inc Patent Landscape Analysis – January 1, 1994 to December 31, 2013
The following analysis illustrates the underlying trends and relationships of U.S. issued patents of the subject company. The analysis employs two frequently used patent classification methods: US Patent Classification (UPC) and International Patent Classification (IPC). Aside from assisting patent examiners in determining the field of search for newly submitted patent applications, the two classification methods play a pivotal role in the characterization and analysis of technologies contained in collections of patent data. The analysis also includes the company’s most prolific inventors, top cited patents as well as foreign filings by technology area.
Polymerization
This book comprises the contributions of several authors in the area of polymer characterization by atomic force microscopy of the polymer network structure formed in Ferroelectric Liquid Crystals Cells; polymerization by microwave irradiation method of starch/acrylic acid/acrylamide; polymerization of olefins; emulsion polymerization; ring opening polymerization; cationic polymerization of vinyl monomers ; block and graft copolymerization by controlled/living polymerization; fabrication of doped microstructures by two-photon polymerization; rheology of biomaterials; plant cell wall polymers; polyADP-Ribosylation in postfertilization and genome reprogramming . We hope that this book will help inspire readers to pursue study and research in this field.
Drug Discovery and Design Using Natural Products
Historically, natural products have great relevance for the development of new drugs. Natural molecules, in addition to directly providing new compounds with different therapeutic functions have provided scaffolds and a great diversity of structures that serve as inspiration for the design and discovery of new drugs. The great structural complexity and the significant number of natural compounds that can be obtained and their advantages also present some historical problems that need to be overcome. Issues such as difficulty in isolation, difficulty in synthesizing compounds found in nature in the laboratory, screening to evaluate the biological properties of these compounds, and structural ...
Sintering Techniques of Materials
The book covers new sintering techniques on ceramic materials, metals and composites as well as reprocessed PTFE. The book covers theoretical as well as experimental aspects on Spark Plasma Sintered (SPS) Porous copper, development of cutting blades with high hardness and resistance to cracking and wear, increased microhardness of austenitic steel ? TiB2 composites obtained with high pressure - high temperature sintering, Al2O3 porous body with cotton as the template and excellent thermal insulation with direct application for refractories as well as Metal matrix composites added nanostructured tantalum carbide and an overview of different sintering techniques used in powder metallurgy. Finally recycling of PTFE scrap materials using ram extrusion and compression molding is described.
Sintering Technology
Based on the sintering conference held at the Pennsylvania State University, USA, this text presents advances in the application of sintering to the most important industrial materials. It offers results on both solid-state and microphase sintering as well as microstructure evolution, and introduces new applications, processes, materials and solutions to technical problems.
