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Comparison of Organoeleptic Acceptability of Liquid and Fresh Diets
Data on the organoleptic acceptability of a liquid diet formula with a variety of flavors and two other diets composed of fresh foods was obtained from eight subjects during two, forty-two day experiments. An analysis of the acceptability ratings permits the following conclusions to be made: (a) Even when variety is limited, the acceptability of a fresh food diet is considerably higher than the acceptability of a liquid formula when given as the sole source of nutriment. (b) The bittersweet chocolate-flavored beverage was preferred over the other flavors. (c) Differences inherent among individuals cause statistically significant variation in food acceptability ratings. (d) Over an extended period of time, monotony may be overcome by incorporating a liquid formula into a diet composed primarily of solid foods. This approach merits further investigation. (Author).
Functional Verification of the Apollo Urine Transport System
A simulated aerospace study was conducted to assess the biochemical effects of space flight by determining the volume of urine output of each crewman. The Apollo urine transport system (UTS), using a radioisotope, tritium, dilution technique, was tested by four human male subjects. The Apollo UTS met minimum requirements for 14 days even when a single unit was used by four individuals. The best individual performance by a subject gave a ratio of 101.4 plus or minus 4.6%. The overall value for volume measurement from the four subjects was 100.6 plus or minus 4.6%. Any void volume may be calculated by this radioisotope method with the UTS system plus or minus 10% of its volume at the 95% confidence level. One experimental error was the incomplete mixing of the radiosotope. The practicability of this procedure in actual space missions still has to be determined. (Author).
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Foot and Ankle Motion Analysis
Human motion analysis or gait analysis is used throughout the country and the world in clinics for pre-surgical planning and postsurgical follow-up. Only recently have technological advances truly begun to meet medical needs by supplying more accurate analytical data from which to make educated assessments of dynamic foot and ankle pathology. A com
Development of Dehydrated and Bite-sized Food Items
Prolonged aerospace missions necessitate severe restrictions on the weight and size of all material carried on board the space vehicle. These limitations must be applied to the astronauts' food, as well. Therefore to meet these restrictions and to provide optimum nutrition, the US Army Natick Laboratories (NLABS) developed, evaluated, and supplied, a variety of prototype dehyrated and bite-sized foods to the Aerospace Medical Research Laboratories for further evaluation. The formulations and production guides for each food item are included. Pillsbury developed various dessert bite-sized food pieces as well as a good food coating for encapsulating the food cubes for use in aerospace systems....
