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IL-1 Inhibition
This special article collection of Frontiers in Pharmacology includes reviews and original articles on different aspects of IL-1 inhibition. Since the time IL-1 and its natural antagonist IL-1Ra have been discovered, specific IL-1 targeted therapies have been developed to cure an increasing number of diseases. The purpose of this Research Topic is to provide an overview of the different clinical uses of IL-1 blockade and new insights in basic research issues.
Macrolides as Immunomodulatory Agents
For over 50 years, clinicians have known that macrolide antibiotics have effects on inflammation and the immune system that are not related to their antimicrobial properties. These immunomodulatory properties, best described for treating inflammatory airway diseases, protect the lung and the host and improve clinical status. This book summarizes our current knowledge regarding proposed mechanisms for these properties, established clinical results, and what the future may hold with emphasis on novel clinical applications and the fascinating development of non-antimicrobial macrolides with preserved and enhanced immunomodulatory properties.
Pain Care Essentials
This book is designed to prepare young clinicians to assess and treat a wide variety of pain conditions in a manner that balances competence and compassion, incorporating coordinated elements of pharmacological and non-pharmacological therapies.
Evolution, Biodiversity and a Reassessment of the Hygiene Hypothesis
This edited collection of 12 chapters by research workers from a wide range of disciplines resolves the confusion that currently surrounds the “hygiene hypothesis” by considering the human need for exposure to microorganisms from an evolutionary point of view. The book explains why we evolved a requirement for exposure to microbiota from our mothers, from other people, and from the natural environment. It also explains the physiological roles of these exposures, what goes wrong when the exposures are distorted and how human lifestyles and activities, including degradation of the natural environment, are leading to this distortion. Particular attention is given to the range of pathologies associated with inappropriate microbial exposures and inappropriate colonization, including immunoregulatory problems such as allergies and autoimmunity, metabolic problems such as obesity and diabetes, and problems of central nervous system function and neurodegeneration. This book is of profound relevance to most medical disciplines, but also to those concerned with preserving the natural environment and with developing healthier urbanisation.
The Mesentery and Inflammation
The volume summarizes the most recent advances in our understanding of the mesentery and explains the how these are important in inflammation. It comprises a series of state of the art chapters by leading authorities in each area. It explains how recent advances in our understanding of the mesenteric organ, have advanced the diagnosis and treatment abdominal and systemic conditions including cancer, inflammatory bowel disease and endocrine conditions such as diabetes, and circulatory disorders such as atherosclerosis.
Advances in Molecular Biology Knowledge of Rectal Cancer and Forthcoming Role of Liquid Biopsy
The treatment algorithm of locally advanced rectal cancer has been changing in the last years and a multidisciplinary approach is required to select effective and personalized treatment. Nowadays, total neoadjuvant treatment is an established validated strategy for high-risk rectal cancer patients as it showed and has shown increased complete response rate representing a new standard of care. Therefore, the selection of predictive molecular markers is, even more, an essential and pursued medical needs goal. Moreover, regarding the early stage of disease, one major question pertains to the risk of recurrence and minimal residual disease: when is staging based on pathologic features adequate for a shared therapeutic decision? This is one of the main issues concerning future advances.
Immunotherapy and Small Molecule Inhibitors as Combinational Cancer Therapeutics
Cancer is a multifactorial chronic disease, in which several factors contribute to its pathogenesis and progression. Our immune system is designed to continuously identify and destroy tumor or aberrant cells. However, a compromised immune system has been associated with the development of cancer. In such immune state, cancer cells often develop the ability to hide from the immune surveillance network and adopt intelligent survival tactics which are continuously developing. Therefore, researchers are focusing on boosting anti-tumor immunity by developing novel cancer immunotherapies. Adoptive cell-based cancer therapies are being used, including in vitro expansion and activation of immune eff...
