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Gestational diabetes, because of its not only high prevalence but also resulting complications in both mother and fetus makes it one of the most important problem of a pregnant woman. The exact cause of gestational diabetes is unknown. Obviously, there is no one reason for the development of the disease. Placental hormones likely play a role. Insulin resistance is in the center and some factors like adipokines, lipids, inflammation, oxidative stress, heavy metals, gut microbiota, autoimmunity, metabolomics, genetic factors and vitamin D are the determinants for the development of insulin resistance and disease itself.Worldwide distribution of the disease changes according to geography. Ethni...