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Many autoimmune diseases are induced by pathogenic autoantibodies, that bind to self-antigen expressed in cells and tissues, and induce disease by the recruitment of immune cells, activation of the classical complement pathway or induction of antigen cross-linking and endocytosis. These pathogenic mechanisms are, however, not available to antibodies of the IgG4 subclass, as these differ structurally from the other IgG subclasses, leaving them “immunologically inert”. In general, it is thought that IgG4 is part of an anti-inflammatory immune response to an overreactive pro-inflammatory response, e.g. in the context of helminth infection and allergy.
This contributed volume provides a complete overview of Neuro-Behçet’s disease (NBD), one of the most serious manifestations of Behçet’s disease. It serves as a comprehensive and critical review of the current scientific literature regarding NBD, covering the epidemiology, pathology, prognosis, and treatment of the disease. This book is an essential resource for both researchers and physicians working on neurology, rheumatology, and internal medicine fields.
Dr. Jeffrey Guptill has received research grants and contracts: from: US NIH, NINDS (K23NS085049, HHSN27100001), NIAID (HHSN272201300017I), Myasthenia Gravis Foundation of America, the Grifols Foundation, the Alzheimer’s Association, Ra Pharmaceuticals. He has also received personal compensation in the past year from Alexion, Kashiv, Argen-X, and Momenta, Inc for consulting services and from Grifols for educational activities.
This Research Topic aims to collect all the Case Reports submitted to the Multiple Sclerosis and Neuroimmunology. All the Case Reports submitted to this collection will be personally assessed by a senior Associate Editor before the beginning of the peer-review process. Please make sure your article adheres to the following guidelines before submitting it. Case Reports highlight unique cases of patients that present with an unexpected diagnosis, treatment outcome, or clinical course. Only Case Reports that are original and significantly advance the field will be considered: 1) RARE case with TYPICAL features. 2) FREQUENT case with ATYPICAL features. 3) Cases with a convincing response to new treatments, i.e. single case of off-label use.
This book represents the culmination of the efforts of a group of outstanding experts in vasculitis from all over the world, who have endeavored to draw themselves into this volume by keeping both the text and the accompanying figures and tables lucid and memorable. The book provides practical information about the screening approach to vasculitis by laboratory analysis, histopathology and advanced image techniques, current standard treatment along with new and more specific interventions including biologic agents, reparative surgery and experimental therapies, as well as miscellaneous issues such as the extra temporal manifestations of "temporal arteritis" or the diffuse alveolar hemorrhage syndrome. The editor and each of the authors invite you to share this journey by one of the most exciting fields of the medicine, the world of Vasculitis.
Complement has long been regarded as a pivotal effector arm of the innate immune response, eliciting important immunoregulatory functions in the context of inflammation and also serving as a vital link between the innate and adaptive immune response. In the post-genomic era, our knowledge of the innate immune system is enriched by findings that point to novel functions that do not strictly correlate with immunological defense and surveillance, immune modulation or Inflammation. Several studies indicate that complement proteins exert functions that are either more complex than previously thought, or go well beyond the innate immune character of the system. The advent of high-throughput platfo...