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Links between Fibrogenesis and Cancer
Tissue fibrosis may occur for unknown causes or be the consequence of many pathological conditions including chronic inflammatory or infectious diseases, autoimmune disorders, graft rejection, or malignancy. On the other hand, malignant tumors have been identified in fibrotic tissues decades ago, and now accumulating evidence suggests that fibrotic lesions enhance the risk of cancer in several organs such as liver, lungs, and breast. Disruption of an organ parenchymal cells and of its normal structural scaffold during tissue fibrogenesis appears to induce loss of cell polarity, promoting uncontrolled cell proliferation that may eventually lead to cancer development. Many cellular and molecul...
Analysis of Chronic Diseases Progression Using Stochastic Modeling
This is a book that handles the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease from the bio-statistical point of view . The statistical method used is Continuous Time Markov Chains ( CTMCs) utilizing the MLE and quasi-Newton method to estimates the transition rate matrix , once obtained , the transition probability matrix can be estimated by exponentiation of this rate matrix. The transition probability matrix can also be obtained by solving forward Kolmogorov differential equations which yields more stable solution than the matrix exponentiation. The rate probability matrix can then be used to estimate the number of patients in each stage of the disease process as well as the life expectancy in each sta...
Pathogenesis and Management of Atopic Dermatitis
A compilation of innovative findings in the field Recently, a breakthrough in understanding the pathogenesis of atopic dermatitis (AD) has been made with studies successfully linking loss-of-function mutations in the genes encoding the epidermal structure protein filaggrin with the subsequent risk of developing AD. Another area of AD research apparently points us to the importance of the increased exposure to various environmental agents -- in particular those deprived of microbial stimuli -- which is known as the hygiene hypothesis'. Other studies suggest specific mechanisms in AD whereby innate immune responses are functionally defective. Also, the sweating disturbance in AD has recently r...
Lipoprotein Metabolism and Atherogenesis
Atherosclerosis leading to coronary heart disease and to cerebrovascular disorders is the number one cause of death in industrialized societies. For the last two decades, great ad vances have been made in understanding the pathogenesis of those disorders. Recent studies have revealed that the earliest event in atherogenesis is the adhesion of circulating leukocytes to the vascular endothelial cells and their migration into the subendothelial space. These cells are known to playa central role in the formation of a fatty streak consist ing of lipid-laden foam cells. As pathological events continue, the lesion is converted to a more fibrous lesion associated with vascular smooth muscle cells. T...
