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Fieldwork in archaeology has been transformed over the past three decades. Drawing on a wealth of experience in excavating some of the most complex, deeply-stratified sites in Britain, Steve Roskams describes the changes that have taken place in the theory and practice of excavation. He then provides a clear account of contemporary techniques, covering pre-excavation reconnaissance and site evaluation, the preparations for full excavation, the actual process of excavation, and the recording of photographic, spatial, stratigraphic and physical evidence. A final chapter discusses the future of excavation. This manual will be welcomed by the professional excavator, the academic researcher, students, and the interested amateur.
Man's curiosity about his history has led him to dig in order to find and to record evidence that is building up into a fascinating and continually modified picture of the past. Understanding Archaeological Excavation examines the aims and methods of excavation.
The collected data and experience provided in this book presents examples of design and solutions to construction problems which dispel the concept of design by regulation. Based on the authors' practical experience and many years of research, this book is up-to-date with modern techniques and methods and uses worldwide data and case studies.
With continued economic development and increasing urbanization, excavations go deeper and become larger in scale, and are sometimes even carried out in difficult soils. These conditions require advanced analysis and design methods and construction technologies. Most books on general foundation engineering introduce the basic analysis and design of excavation, but do not delve into practical considerations. This book examines both theory and practice, from basic to advanced, and discusses the major methods currently in practice around the world. Each chapter also includes problems and their solutions to develop a practical, real-world understanding.
The aim of these recommendations is to harmonize and further develop the methods, according to which excavations are prepared, calculated and carried out. Since 1980, these have been drawn up by the working group "Excavations" at the German Geotechnical Society (Deutsche Gesellschaft fur Geotechnik DGGT) and are similar to a set of standards. They help to simplify analysis of excavation enclosures, to unify load approaches and analysis procedures, to guarantee the stability and serviceability of the excavation structure and its individual components, and to find out an economic design of the excavation structure. For this new edition, all recommendations have been reworked in accordance with EN 1997-1 (Eurocode 7) and DIN 1054-1. In addition, new recommendations on the use of the modulus of subgrade reaction method and the finite element method (FEM), as well as a new chapter on excavations in soft soils, have been added.
Literary Nonfiction. Memoir. Wendy C. Ortiz was an only child and a bookish, insecure girl living with alcoholic parents in the San Fernando Valley of Los Angeles in the late 1980s and early 1990s. Her relationship with a charming and deeply flawed private school teacher fifteen years her senior appeared to give her the kind of power teenagers wish for, regardless of consequences. Her teacher—now a registered sex offender—continually encouraged her passion for writing while making her promise she was not leaving any written record about their dangerous sexual relationship. This conflicted relationship with her teacher may have been just five years long, but would imprint itself on her and her later relationships, queer and straight, for the rest of her life. In EXCAVATION: A MEMOIR, the black and white of the standard victim/perpetrator stereotype gives way to unsettling grays. The present- day narrator reflects on the girl she once was, as well as the teacher and parent she has become. It's a beautifully written and powerful story of a woman reclaiming her whole heart.
The excavations led by Margaret and Tom Jones on the Thames gravel terraces at Mucking, Essex, undertaken between 1965 and 1978 are legendary. The largest area excavation ever undertaken in the British Isles, involving around 5000 participants, recorded around 44,000 archaeological features dating from the Beaker to Anglo-Saxon periods and recovered something in the region of 1.7 million finds of Mesolithic to post-medieval date. While various publications have emerged over the intervening years, the death of both directors, insufficient funding, many organizational complications and the sheer volume of material evidence have severely delayed full publication of this extraordinary palimpsest...
The book describes the theory and current practices for design of earth lateral support for deep excavations in soil. It addresses basic principles of soil mechanics and explains how these principles are embodied in design methods including hand calculations. It then introduces the use of numerical methods including the fundamental “beam on springs” models, and then more sophisticated computer programmes which can model soil as a continuum in two or three dimensions. Constitutive relationships are introduced that are in use for representing the behaviour of soil including a strain hardening model, and a Cam Clay model including groundwater flow and coupled consolidation. These methods ar...