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These proceedings gather carefully selected, peer-reviewed contributions from the International Conference on Pure and Applied Chemistry (ICPAC 2018). The event, the latest installment in a biennial conference series, was held in July 2018 in Mauritius. The respective chapters in this unique collection reflect a wide range of fundamental and applied research in the chemical sciences and various interdisciplinary subjects. In addition to reviews, they highlight cutting-edge advances.
In recent years, a wide variety of new chemicals have continued to be developed as a result of industrial development and associated anthropogenic activities. The microbial contaminants in the environment, more precisely, antibiotic-resistant genes/bacteria produced as a result of mutation due to antibacterial drugs, are also considered emerging contaminants and specifically called emerging microbial contaminants such as sapoviruses, Waddlia chondrophila and Streptococcus parauberis. Additionally, pharmaceuticals and personal care products are a diverse group of compounds that include ibuprofen, diclofenac, triclosan, antibiotics, anti-inflammatory agents, steroidal hormones and active ingre...
(This book is a printed edition of the Special Issue "Plant Nutrient Dynamics in Stressful Environments" that was published in Agriculture
This book presents a comprehensive overview of the bioactive potential, food applications, and health benefits of coloured cereal grains for researchers carrying out innovative studies.
Food starts with soils, and as the target date to accomplish the SDGs grows closer, it is more urgent than ever to reverse soil degradation and tackle its effects on agrifood systems. This booklet aims to review the role of soil fertility in producing sufficient, safe, and more nourishing food for healthier plants, animals, and people. It also offers recommendations for solutions that can provide a more nutritious agrifood system for enhancing human health and wellbeing while protecting the environment. Soil fertility and nutrition involve processes at scales ranging from molecules to the entire planet. Our interventions in these processes may exacerbate the global challenges we face but can also be modified to solve them. This booklet contributes to understanding processes related to soil fertility from the perspectives of food production and food security, and the environmental and climate change impacts associated with fertilizer misuse and overuse. The booklet also outlines the main areas of opportunity and the way forward to solve the nutrient imbalance prevailing in our current agrifood systems.
Protected cropping shelters crops from extreme climatic conditions by modifying the internal growing conditions in their favor. The technology has widely been used for vegetable crops in different climates such as temperate, tropical, subtropical, arid, and semi-arid regions. As climate change is projected to become more severe in the near future, the resulting adverse weather conditions such as higher temperatures, more frequent heatwaves, more variable rainfall patterns, and cyclones will affect vegetable production, in turn affecting crop growth, yield, produce quality, and economic return of growers. The demand for protected cultivation will increase to ensure sustainable production and a stable supply of fresh horticultural produce.
Chemical Substitutes from Agricultural and Industrial By-Products A comprehensive resource presenting different manufacturing bioprocesses of chemical substitutes, from agricultural and industrial by-products to value-added biorefinery products Chemical Substitutes from Agricultural and Industrial By-Products: Bioconversion, Bioprocessing, and Biorefining discusses the biorefinery of chemical substitutes from agricultural and industrial by-products, covering the consolidated bioconversion, bioprocessing, and downstream process of the significant chemical substitutes produced. In each chapter, the individual aspects of bioconversion, bioprocessing, and downstream process of chemical substitut...
This volume aims to raise awareness and stimulate research on how agricultural management could help to mitigate climate change impacts, and focuses on technical progressions and innovations in climate change mitigation and adaptation. It addresses new innovations in agricultural technology and management with the goal of balancing agricultural production and its associated climate effects in a sustainable manner. The major topics covered include crop and soil management, techniques and technologies for emission reduction, irrigation, land degradation, pest and disease management, farmers' perspectives, and climate-smart agriculture policy. The book is geared towards students, researchers, and professionals in the fields of environmental science, agriculture science, and climate change.
This book covers the morphological characteristics, ethnopharmacological properties, isolated and identified structurally diverse secondary metabolites, biological and pharmacological activities of medicinal plants. Ethnopharmacology is the systematic study of folklore/traditional medicines, which continue to provide innovative drugs and lead molecules for the pharmaceutical industry. In fact, plant secondary metabolites, used as a single molecule or as a mixture, are medicines that can be effective and safe even when synthetic drugs fail. Therefore, the description of these secondary metabolites as well as methods for the targeted expression and/or purification is of high interest. In addit...
Large-scale chemical fertilizer application causes irreparable damage to soil structure, mineral cycles, soil microbial flora, plants, and other food chains across ecosystems, culminating in heritable mutations in future generations of consumers. A better way forward is the use of nanofertilizers to focus on macro elements (N, P, K), as switching to nanofertilizers may result in large environmental benefits by replacing the majority of these nutrients. Furthermore, the biosynthesis of nanomaterials using bacteria, algae, yeast, fungus, actinomycetes, and plants has opened up a new avenue of research in the production of inorganic nanoparticles as ecologically friendly fertilizers. Nanofertil...