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Apheresis in Neurological Disorders
Apheresis refers to an extracorporeal therapy which aims at removing pathological constituents from the patients’ blood. Due to the development of new techniques as well as the discovery of novel autoimmune antibodies, it is increasingly recognized as an important therapeutic option for a variety of autoimmune-mediated neurological disorders, including multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis, autoimmune encephalitis, Guillain–Barré syndrome, and many others. Therapeutic plasma exchange (TPE) constitutes the standard method of apheresis for most indications, while immunoadsorption (IA) offers a more specific, low-risk alternative. Both methods aim at removing auto-antibodies from the blood. Evidence for most neurological diseases is still low. Interestingly, more recent developments suggest that apheresis is not limited to the removal of autoantibodies but may also be useful in neurodegenerative and possibly even in acute vascular disorders.
New Directions in the Management of Status Epilepticus
Status Epilepticus (SE) is a neurological emergency and has high morbidity and mortality. The International League Against Epilepsy (ILAE) recently updated their definition to specify that, “SE is a condition resulting either from the failure of the mechanisms responsible for seizure termination or from the initiation of mechanisms, which lead to abnormally, prolonged seizures.” Such phenomena can lead to long-term neurological complications due to neuronal death, glia, neurological injury, aberrant neuroplasticity, oxidative stress and inflammation, and alteration of neuronal networks. Depending upon the type and duration of SE, these mechanisms are quite variable. Therefore, in respons...
Grundbesitz und Militärdienst
Neben dem Drang, sich unter den Augen des Königs auszuzeichnen, Ruhm und Ehre zu erwerben, waren es vor allem wirtschaftliche Gründe, die die pommerschen Edelleute im 18. Jahrhundert dazu bewogen, in den preußischen Militärdienst einzutreten. Dabei lag ihr Engagement deutlich über dem der Adligen aus anderen Landesteilen der Monarchie. Die etwa 1.600 Kurzbiografien im ersten Teilband zeichnen die militärische Laufbahn nach und geben Einblicke in die sozialen und wirtschaftlichen Verhältnisse der Offiziersfamilien. Die im zweiten Teilband enthaltene Auflistung der Güter zeigt, dass es nur noch wenige Besitzungen gab, die über Generationen hinweg bei einer Familie blieben.
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