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Production Research
This two-volume set presents selected and revised papers from the 10th International Conference of Production Research - Americas, ICPR-Americas 2020, held in Bahía Blanca, Argentina, in December 2020. Due to the COVID-19 pandemic the conference was held in a fully virtual format. The 41 full papers and 11 short papers were thoroughly reviewed and selected from 275 submissions. They are organized in topical sections on optimization; metaheuristics and algorithms; industry 4.0 and cyber-physical systems; smart city; intelligent systems and decision sciences; simulation; machine learning and big data.
Dividing the Indivisible
Allocating resources, goods, agents (e.g., humans), expertise, production, and assets is one of the most influential and enduring cornerstone challenges at the intersection of artificial intelligence, operations research, politics, and economics. At its core—as highlighted by a number of seminal works [181, 164, 125, 32, 128, 159, 109, 209, 129, 131]—is a timeless question: How can we best allocate indivisible entities—such as objects, items, commodities, jobs, or personnel—so that the outcome is as valuable as possible, be it in terms of expected utility, fairness, or overall societal welfare? This thesis confronts this inquiry from multiple algorithmic viewpoints, focusing on the v...
New Tools of Economic Dynamics
New Tools of Economic Dynamics gives an introduction and overview of recently developed methods and tools, most of them developed outside economics, to deal with the qualitative analysis of economic dynamics. It reports the results of a three-year research project by a European and Latin American network on the intersection of economics with mathematical, statistical, and computational methods and techniques. Focusing upon the evolution and manifold structure of complex dynamic phenomena, the book reviews and shows applications of a variety of tools, such as symbolic and coded dynamics, interacting agents models, microsimulation in econometrics, large-scale system analysis, and dynamical systems theory. It shows the potential of a comprehensive analysis of growth, fluctuations, and structural change along the lines indicated by pioneers like Harrod, Haavelmo, Hicks, Goodwin, Morishima, and it highlights the explanatory power of the qualitative approach they initiated.
Computational Models of Argument
The subject of argumentation has been studied since ancient times, but it has seen major innovations since the advent of the computer age. Software already exists which can create and evaluate arguments in high-stake situations, such as medical diagnosis and criminal investigation; formal systems can help us appreciate the role of the value judgments which underlie opposing positions; and it is even possible to enter into argumentative dialogues as if playing a computer game. This book presents the 28 full papers, 17 short papers and a number of system demonstrations, described in an extended abstract, from the 2012 biennial Computational Models of Argument (COMMA) conference, held in Vienna...
Politics in the New Hard Times
The Great Recession and its aftershocks, including the Eurozone banking and debt crisis, add up to the worst global economic crisis since the Great Depression of the 1930s. Although economic explanations for the Great Recession have proliferated, the political causes and consequences of the crisis have received less systematic attention. Politics in the New Hard Times is the first book to focus on the Great Recession as a political crisis, one with both political sources and political consequences. The authors examine variation in crises over time and across countries, rather than treating these events as undifferentiated shocks. Chapters also explore how crisis has forced the redefinition and reinforcement of interests at the level of individual attitudes and in national political coalitions. Throughout, the authors stress that the Great Recession is only the latest in a long history of international economic crises with significant political effects—and that it is unlikely to be the last.
Model-Based Reasoning in Science and Technology
This book discusses how scientific and other types of cognition make use of models, abduction, and explanatory reasoning in order to produce important and innovative changes in theories and concepts. Gathering revised contributions presented at the international conference on Model-Based Reasoning (MBR18), held on October 24–26 2018 in Seville, Spain, the book is divided into three main parts. The first focuses on models, reasoning, and representation. It highlights key theoretical concepts from an applied perspective, and addresses issues concerning information visualization, experimental methods, and design. The second part goes a step further, examining abduction, problem solving, and r...
Handbook of Abductive Cognition
This Handbook offers the first comprehensive reference guide to the interdisciplinary field of abductive cognition, providing readers with extensive information on the process of reasoning to hypotheses in humans, animals, and in computational machines. It highlights the role of abduction in both theory practice: in generating and testing hypotheses and explanatory functions for various purposes and as an educational device. It merges logical, cognitive, epistemological and philosophical perspectives with more practical needs relating to the application of abduction across various disciplines and practices, such as in diagnosis, creative reasoning, scientific discovery, diagrammatic and igno...
Computational Intelligence in Economics and Finance
Readers will find, in this highly relevant and groundbreaking book, research ranging from applications in financial markets and business administration to various economics problems. Not only are empirical studies utilizing various CI algorithms presented, but so also are theoretical models based on computational methods. In addition to direct applications of computational intelligence, readers can also observe how these methods are combined with conventional analytical methods such as statistical and econometric models to yield preferred results.
Multiagent Systems, second edition
The new edition of an introduction to multiagent systems that captures the state of the art in both theory and practice, suitable as textbook or reference. Multiagent systems are made up of multiple interacting intelligent agents—computational entities to some degree autonomous and able to cooperate, compete, communicate, act flexibly, and exercise control over their behavior within the frame of their objectives. They are the enabling technology for a wide range of advanced applications relying on distributed and parallel processing of data, information, and knowledge relevant in domains ranging from industrial manufacturing to e-commerce to health care. This book offers a state-of-the-art...
PRICAI 2002: Trends in Artificial Intelligence
This book constitutes the refereed proceedings of the 7th Pacific Rim International Conference on Artificial Intelligence, PRICAI 2002, held in Tokyo, Japan in August 2002. The 57 revised full papers presented together with 5 invited contributions and 26 posters were carefully reviewed and selected from 161 submissions. The papers are organized in topical sections on logic and AI foundations, representation and reasoning of actions, constraint satisfaction, foundations of agents, foundations of learning, reinforcement learning, knowledge acquisition and management, data mining and knowledge discovery, neural network learning, learning for robots, multi-agent applications, document analysis, Web intelligence, bioinformatics, intelligent learning environments, face recognition, and multimedia and emotion.
