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A photographic food atlas with portion sizes of commonly consumed foods in Accra, Ghana
This Food Atlas provides a photograph series of 68 meals commonly consumed by adolescent girls in Accra, Ghana. It consists of pictures of four portion sizes per meal, including weights. The main aim of this Food Atlas is to enable accurate portion-size estimation; during food consumption surveys, these images can be shown to respondents to aid them in describing the quantity of food consumed. The Food Atlas can also to aid in estimating, quantifying, educating, and counseling on appropriate portions of food in order to help improve dietary intake. The meals were chosen using data collected during a previous study conducted at the Department of Nutrition, NMIMR, “Dietary Patterns and Cardio-metabolic Risk in Urban Dwelling Adolescents” (IRB Study Number 001/17-18), aimed at understanding the eating patterns, physical activity levels and their association with measures of adiposity, blood pressure, and fasting blood sugar among adolescents between ages 10 and 17. All recipes were compiled with the aid of a professional caterer who had experience cooking for adolescents in a school setting.
Design of a mobile phone-based Artificial Intelligence (AI) application to assess dietary intake and provide nudges to improve healthy eating choices: Formative research in Ghana and Vietnam
Background: Low quality diets are a public health problem affecting individuals of all ages worldwide. Nudging for Good (NFG) is a new research project aimed at developing, validating, and examining the feasibility of using artificial intelligence (AI)-based technology to improve adolescent girls' diets in urban Ghana and Vietnam. Objectives: Provide evidence to support the design of a new mobile phone intervention including: a) identifying the demand for mobile app to improve diets in adolescent girls; b) defining the intervention objectives and activities to be delivered via a mobile app; and c) assessing the potential for nudging functionality to be incorporated in the mobile app. Methods...
School meals as a market for smallholder agriculture: Experimental evidence from Ghana
Governments and international development partners investing over $40 USD billion a year in school meals have shown interest in linking these programs with agriculture sector development, through what has become known as “Home-Grown” school feeding (HGSF). Nevertheless, evidence on the effectiveness of HGSF and agriculture is limited. This article reports on the findings of a three-year cluster randomized trial implemented in 58 districts of Ghana including a panel of 1,668 households. Communities were randomly assigned to 1) standard school meals; 2) HGSF or 3) control with no intervention. Post-intervention, the caterer-level analysis highlighted major challenges related to delayed pro...
New Challenges and Future Perspectives in Nutrition and Sustainable Diets in Africa
Africa is confronted with the triple burden of malnutrition; it is also faced with the triple challenges of poverty, inequality and unemployment. In many African countries, large proportions of the population rely on agriculture not only for their food - but also for their livelihoods. A transformed agricultural and food system is thus a necessary condition for addressing this double-triple challenge. Additionally, post harvest and food waste and losses reduce the availability of sufficient quantities of safe, edible and preferable foods. At least one third of food produced at farm level is lost due to inappropriate storage, infrastructure and agro-processing technologies in developing countries; and one third of food purchased is wasted at household and retail level.
How much are multisectoral programs worth? A new method with an application to school meals
Social protection programs such as cash or food transfers support current poverty and inequality reduction goals, while at the same time enhance future productivity through human capital investments. Yet, the quantification of their overall productivity and equity benefits is challenging. We address this question utilizing a new methodology that quantifies productivity gains from learning as well as an approach for assessing social protection benefits. We do so by combining data on distributional benefits stemming from current poverty reduction in conjunction with future human capital gains in the context of a large-scale national school feeding program in Ghana. We develop a straightforward approach to map effect sizes from randomized controlled studies into broader economic analyses. In addition, we include the often recognized, but seldom quantified, distributional impacts of multi-sectoral investments. Our methodology is relevant to a broad range of social protection programs that have multidimensional benefits spanning both human capital improvements and equity gains.
Catalog of Copyright Entries. Third Series
Includes Part 1, Number 2: Books and Pamphlets, Including Serials and Contributions to Periodicals July - December)
Food for thought? Experimental evidence on the learning impacts of a large-scale school feeding program in Ghana
There is very limited experimental evidence of the impact of large-scale, government-led school meals programs on child educational achievements in Sub-Saharan Africa. We address this gap by reporting treatment effects from a nationwide randomized trial of the Government of Ghana’s school feeding program (GSFP) on children’s math and literacy, cognition (problem-solving ability and working memory), and composite scores of overall attainments. Based on the government’s plans to re-target and scale up the GSFP, food insecure schools and related communities across the country were randomly assigned to school feeding. After two years of implementation, program availability led to moderate ...
