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What Is Electromagnetic Weapons A directed-energy weapon, often known as a DEW, is a ranged weapon that inflicts harm on its target by directing a highly concentrated kind of energy towards it. This type of energy may take the form of lasers, microwaves, particle beams, or sound beams. This technology may have a variety of uses, some of which include weapons that target individuals, missiles, vehicles, and optical equipment. Research on directed-energy weapons to counter ballistic missiles, hypersonic cruise missiles, and hypersonic glide vehicles is being conducted in the United States by the Department of Defense, the Defense Advanced Research Projects Agency (DARPA), the Air Force Researc...
What Is Lab on a Chip A lab-on-a-chip (LOC) is a device that integrates one or several laboratory functions on a single integrated circuit of only millimeters to a few square centimeters to achieve automation and high-throughput screening. LOCs can handle extremely small fluid volumes down to less than pico-liters. Lab-on-a-chip devices are a subset of microelectromechanical systems (MEMS) devices and sometimes called "micro total analysis systems" (mTAS). LOCs may use microfluidics, the physics, manipulation and study of minute amounts of fluids. However, strictly regarded "lab-on-a-chip" indicates generally the scaling of single or multiple lab processes down to chip-format, whereas "mTAS"...
What Is Time Crystal In condensed matter physics, a time crystal is a quantum system of particles whose lowest-energy state is one in which the particles are in repetitive motion. The system cannot lose energy to the environment and come to rest because it is already in its quantum ground state. Because of this the motion of the particles does not really represent kinetic energy like other motion, it has "motion without energy". Time crystals were first proposed theoretically by Frank Wilczek in 2012 as a time-based analogue to common crystals whereas the atoms in crystals are arranged periodically in space, the atoms in a time crystal are arranged periodically in both space and time. Severa...
What Is Bioplastic Bioplastics are plastic materials produced from renewable biomass sources, such as vegetable fats and oils, corn starch, straw, woodchips, sawdust, recycled food waste, etc. Some bioplastics are obtained by processing directly from natural biopolymers including polysaccharides and proteins, while others are chemically synthesised from sugar derivatives and lipids from either plants or animals, or biologically generated by fermentation of sugars or lipids. In contrast, common plastics, such as fossil-fuel plastics are derived from petroleum or natural gas. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Bioplastic Chapter 2: BioSphe...
What Is DNA Vaccine A particular antigen-coding DNA sequence is transfected into the cells of an organism via a method known as transfection in order to stimulate an immune response. This sort of vaccination is known as a DNA vaccine. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: DNA vaccine Chapter 2: Antigen Chapter 3: T helper cell Chapter 4: Epitope Chapter 5: Adaptive immune system Chapter 6: Immunogen Chapter 7: Original antigenic sin Chapter 8: Immunogenicity Chapter 9: Antigenic variation Chapter 10: Murine respirovirus Chapter 11: Interleukin 15 Chapter 12: Toll-like receptor 9 Chapter 13: Subunit vaccine Chapter 14: Active immunotherapy C...
What Is Lithium Iron Phosphate Battery The lithium iron phosphate battery, often known as an LFP battery, is a form of lithium-ion battery that uses lithium iron phosphate as the cathode material. The anode of this battery is made up of a graphitic carbon electrode that has a metallic backing. The energy density of an LFP battery is lower than that of other common lithium ion battery types such as Nickel Manganese Cobalt (NMC) and Nickel Cobalt Aluminum (NCA), and it also has a lower operating voltage; CATL's LFP batteries are currently at 125 watt hours (Wh) per kg, up to possibly 160 Wh/kg with improved packing technology, while BYD's LFP batteries are at 150 Wh/kg, which is compared to ov...
What Is Silicene Silicene is a two-dimensional allotrope of silicon, with a hexagonal honeycomb structure similar to that of graphene. Contrary to graphene, silicene is not flat, but has a periodically buckled topology; the coupling between layers in silicene is much stronger than in multilayered graphene; and the oxidized form of silicene, 2D silica, has a very different chemical structure from graphene oxide. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Silicene Chapter 2: 2D silica Chapter 3: Borophene Chapter 4: Germanene Chapter 5: Stanene Chapter 6: Plumbene Chapter 7: Allotropy Chapter 8: Silicon Chapter 9: Graphite oxide (II) Answering the public top questions about silicene. (III) Real world examples for the usage of silicene in many fields. (IV) 17 appendices to explain, briefly, 266 emerging technologies in each industry to have 360-degree full understanding of silicene' technologies. Who This Book Is For Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of silicene.
What is Mathematical Economics Within the field of economics, mathematical economics refers to the utilization of mathematical techniques for the purpose of representing ideas and analyzing situations. It is common for these applied methods to go beyond simple geometry. Some examples of these approaches include differential and integral calculus, difference and differential equations, matrix algebra, mathematical programming, and other computer methods. The individuals who advocate for this method assert that it makes it possible to formulate theoretical linkages in a manner that is rigorous, general, and straightforward. How you will benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following...
What is Affine Transformation In Euclidean geometry, an affine transformation or affinity is a geometric transformation that preserves lines and parallelism, but not necessarily Euclidean distances and angles. How you will benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Affine Transformation Chapter 2: Linear Map Chapter 3: Translation (Geometry) Chapter 4: Affine Group Chapter 5: Affine Space Chapter 6: Transformation Matrix Chapter 7: Barycentric Coordinate System Chapter 8: Real Coordinate Space Chapter 9: Eigenvalues and Eigenvectors Chapter 10: Eigendecomposition of a Matrix (II) Answering the public top questions about affine transformation. (III) Real world examples for the usage of affine transformation in many fields. Who this book is for Professionals, undergraduate and graduate students, enthusiasts, hobbyists, and those who want to go beyond basic knowledge or information for any kind of Affine Transformation.
What Is Situation Calculus A logic formalism known as the situation calculus has been developed for the purpose of expressing and reasoning about dynamical domains. John McCarthy was the one who initially proposed it back in 1963. This article's primary presentation of the situational calculus is primarily based on a model that was initially presented by Ray Reiter in the year 1991. After that comes some information regarding McCarthy's revised version from 1986 as well as a logic programming approach. How You Will Benefit (I) Insights, and validations about the following topics: Chapter 1: Situation Calculus Chapter 2: First-order Logic Chapter 3: Frame Problem Chapter 4: Propositional Calc...