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Genotoxicology of N-Nitroso Compounds
Toph's in Chemical Mutagenesis is a new series dedicated to studies in the areas of environmental chemical mutagenesis and genetic toxicology. In this series we will explore some of many topics that are emerging in these rapidly developing fields. The purpose of the present volume is to attempt to organize and compare the genotoxic properties of the N-nitroso compounds. This is a particularly interesting class of compounds because of the problems encountered with the Salmonella assay of Ames in generating both false positive and false negative results. The battery approach using a number of assay systems seems more appropriate to evaluate chemicals in this class. Topics to be discussed in ot...
Aneuploidy
The "Symposium on Aneuploidy: Etiology and Mechanisms" was held at the Carnegie Institution of Washington Auditorium from March 25-29. 1985. This Symposium developed as a consequence of the concern of the Environmen tal Protection Agency with the support of the National Institute of Envi ronmental Health Sciences about human exposure to environmental agents that cause aneuploidy. The program was chosen to explore what is currently known about the underlying causes, the origins, and the extent of the prob lem of human aneuploidy, and whether exposure to environmental agents is assodated with an increased incidence of aneuploidy in humans. Basic research findings in the area of mitosis and mei...
DNA Repair and Mutagenesis in Eukaryotes
Not many years ago most discussion of mutation induction by physical and chemical agents concentrated on the initial lesions induced in the DNA with the implicit assumption that once the lesions were made they were converted almost automatically to mutations by relatively simple processes associated with DNA replication. The discovery of a variety of enzymatic processes that can repair these lesions, the great increase in our understanding of the molecular steps involved in repair, replication, and recombination, and the increasing availability of cells with genetic defects in these pro cesses have led to the realization that mutation induction is a far more complex process than we originall...
Assessment of Chemical Exposures
Traditionally, industrial hygienists and environmental engineers have been responsible for conducting chemical exposure assessments, however, this task is now becoming a team effort taken on by scientists, businessmen, and policymakers. Assessment of Chemical Exposures: Calculation Methods for Environmental Professionals addresses the expanding scope of exposure assessments in both the workplace and environment. It discusses the basics of gathering data and assessing exposure, including how to estimate exposure to chemicals using fundamental chemical engineering concepts. The book opens with a brief discussion on the history of exposure assessments and provides terms and nomenclature needed for communications between various disciplines involved in exposure assessments. The potential impact of chemical exposures on humans, the environment, and communities is discussed in detail The book also addresses modeling source generation, pathway transport, and receptor impact. With the clear explanations presented in this text, even a novice will be able to practice the art of exposure assessment.
Application of Short-Term Bioassays in the Fractionation and Analysis of Complex Environmental Mixtures
vi Williamsburg, Virginia, February 21-23, 1978. This symposium was sponsored by the U. S. Environmental Protection Agency, Office of Energy Minerals and Industry, Washington, DC, and Office of Health and Ecological Effects, Health Effects Re search Laboratory, Biochemistry Branch, Research Triangle Park, NC. The symposium consisted of 24 formal presentations that amplify the three major topics discussed during the symposium: an overview of short-term bioassay systems; current methodology involving the collection and chemical analysis of environmental samples; and current research in volving the use of short-term bioassays in the fractionation and analysis of complex environmental mixtures. ...
