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Fenomenologi adalah ilmu tentang penampakan (fenomena). Artinya, semua perbincangan tentang esensi di balik penampakan dibuang jauh-jauh. Istilah fenomenologi berasal dari bahasa Yunani, phainomenon (menampakkan diri) dan logos (akal budi). Ilmu tentang penampakan berarti ilmu tentang apa yang menampakkan diri pada pengalaman subjek. Tak ada penampakan yang tidak dialami. Hanya dengan berkonsentrasi pada apa yang tampak dalam pengalaman, maka esensi dapat dirumuskan dengan jernih. Fenomenologi merupakan salah satu arus pemikiran paling berpengaruh di abad ke-20. Buku ini membincang fenomenologi dengan kerangka studi tokoh, sejak dari Edmund Husserl, Martin Heidegger, Jean Paul Sartre, Maurice Merleau-Ponty, hingga Jacques Derrida.
Bertolak dari gagasan Marx tentang ideologi sebagai kesadaran palsu, teori ideologi berjalan pelan namun pasti meninggalkan persoalan kesadaran. Ideologi menurut Gramsci bukan kesadaran palsu, melainkan parsial. Berbekal psikoanalisa Lacan, Althusser merumuskan mekanisme ideologi yang lebih halus ketimbang hegemoni. Dengan bekal yang sama, Zizek merumuskan ideologi sebagai bukan kesadaran palsu tempat pelarian, melainkan realitas sosial itu sendiri. Foucault melanjutkan perjalanan teori ideologi dengan menekankan betapa realitas sosial diatur oleh sebuah rejim diskursif yang bekerja di luar kehendak orang per orang. Ideologi sebagai rejim diskursif bukan lagi bekerja untuk menyembunyikan kebenaran, melainkan memproduksinya. Tidak ada kebenaran di balik ideologi. Teori ideologi pun memasuki fase baru yang menyudahi Marxisme. Teori ideologi kontemporer tak lain adalah “sesudah Marxisme.”
Buletin Perpus Bung Karno - 2018 / Vol. 2
Studying philosophy means unraveling reality in all its aspects. By contextualizing today's reality in its social, political, ecological, spiritual and also aesthetic context, the chapters in this edited volume present research findings complementing or even challenging ongoing scholarly discussions in philosophy and humanity. The chapters are divided into five sections based on the issues being discussed: (1) Law and Politics, (2) Economy, (3) Humanity and Wellbeing, (4) Rethinking Spirituality, and (5) Arts. Besides the obvious urgency to problematize these issues due to the dynamics of paradigm and theories in the field of philosophy, there will always be a need to constantly create new c...
Winner of the Betty Trask Award, Kiran Desai's dazzling debut novel is a hilarious story of life, love, and family that tells the surprising and delightful story of a young man's unusual path to fame in a small Northern Indian city Praised by Salman Rushdie and Junot Diaz, among others, Hullabaloo in the Guava Orchard was published to great acclaim in 1998, and established Kiran Desai as a vivid literary voice eight years before The Inheritance of Loss won the Man Booker Prize. Sampath Chawla was born in a time of drought into a family not quite like other families, in a town not quite like other towns. After years of failure and spending his days dreaming in tea stalls, it does not seem as if Sampath is going to amount to much--until one day he climbs a guava tree in search of peaceful contemplation and becomes unexpectedly famous as a holy man, sending his tiny town into turmoil. A syndicate of larcenous, alcoholic monkeys terrorizes the pilgrims who cluster around Sampath's tree, spies and profiteers descend on the town, and none of Desai's outrageous characters goes unaffected as events spin increasingly out of control.
While the individual elements of the propaganda system (or filters) identified by the Propaganda Model (PM) – ownership, advertising, sources, flak and anti-communism – have previously been the focus of much scholarly attention, their systematisation in a model, empirical corroboration and historicisation have made the PM a useful tool for media analysis across cultural and geographical boundaries. Despite the wealth of scholarly research Herman and Chomsky’s work has set into motion over the past decades, the PM has been subjected to marginalisation, poorly informed critiques and misrepresentations. Interestingly, while the PM enables researchers to form discerning predictions as regards corporate media performance, Herman and Chomsky had further predicted that the PM itself would meet with such marginalisation and contempt. In current theoretical and empirical studies of mass media performance, uses of the PM continue, nonetheless, to yield important insights into the workings of political and economic power in society, due in large measure to the model’s considerable explanatory power.
The second edition of this popular compendium provides the necessary intellectual equipment to engage with and participate in effective philosophical argument, reading, and reflection Features significantly revised, updated and expanded entries, and an entirely new section drawn from methods in the history of philosophy This edition has a broad, pluralistic approach--appealing to readers in both continental philosophy and the history of philosophy, as well as analytic philosophy Explains difficult concepts in an easily accessible manner, and addresses the use and application of these concepts Proven useful to philosophy students at both beginning and advanced levels
The Library of Living Philosophers has exceeded even Schilpp's expectations, enabling the outstanding philosophers of each generation to do more than clarify, by extending and elaborating their thoughts. A volume in the Library of Living Philosophers is not merely a commentary on a philosopher's work: it is a crucial part of that work. --
may be related to another basic assumption in economic psychology: that the human capacity to process information from the environment is limited, and that the kind of optimal use of that information postulated in many economic theories is therefore not possible. The research methods used are mainly geared towards empirical research, and there mostly towards survey research and experimentation. Experimentation involves most often simulated behaviour in a laboratory, which allows the experimental manipulation of possible causes of behaviour which would not be possible in real life. Survey research is the most widely used instrument for investigating real-world behaviour, with all its caveats ...
The first book in a series exploring the future governance of Australia. It describes the implications for policy, institutions and citizenship of global and domestic pressures.