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Polyamines
This book covers key topics in polyamine research from a range of organisms, including plants, mammals, and prokaryotes such as bacteria and archaea. The book provides an introduction to general concepts in the field of polyamine research, as well as more detailed information. With the availability of genome sequence data from a broad range of organisms, the evolution of the genes involved in polyamine metabolism is discussed. The mode of action of polyamines has been shown to be dependent on cation channels, and this mechanism is described in the book. The origin of polyamine transporters (from bacteria, yeasts, and plants) is described. The various effects of polyamines on growth and survi...
The Immune Response to Viral Infections
Virus diseases continue to represent serious health problems in most parts of the world. In spite of the fact that diseases such as polio myelitis and measles have been controlled in the industrialized countries by vaccination, vaccines now in use in tropical countries have proved not to be optimal. Further research is needed to develop new vaccines that will be effective in all countries. To do so we need to understand better the immune response to different viruses so that we may be able to maxi mize the protective response of new vaccines and minimize their potential immunopathologic effect. An exciting new discovery which is now being further developed is the possibility of being able to use some viruses (e.g. vaccinia, adenoviruses, etc.), as carriers for other antigens. This may open up the way for the production of vaccines that will be inexpensive and that will confer long lasting immunity after only one injection. This meeting has also served to review our present knowledge of virus diseases which are still of great importance such as hepatitis, dengue and influenza.
The Politics of International Health
Tracing the history of the Childrens Vaccine Initiative (CVI), this book examines its successes and failures in promoting the development of both new and improved vaccines for the Third World. The CVI has achieved many successes, including making vaccination a top international public sector priority. Most of its failures have stemmed from the often bitter competition between the fledgling Initiative and the notoriously turf-conscious and inefficient World Health Organization (WHO), over their respective roles in championing vaccines. Vaccines are the most inexpensive means of improving the health and lowering the mortality of people in the Third World, where infectious diseases kill millions of children every year. As a result of the biotechnology revolution, it is possible that a whole array of new vaccines can be created for diseases which are not yet preventable. What has stood in the way of this major medical breakthrough has been that vaccine product development has been in the hands of commercial companies, whose activities are dominated by the need for maximizing profit, which the Third World poor cannot generate.
Neoglycoconjugates
In recent decades, there has been an explosive growth in knowledge on the important biological roles of carbohydrates, especailly as specific information carriers. Neoglycoconjugates have been indispensable tools in these studies. This timely book, with both synthetic and application studies, will be of great value to researchers in a number of disciplines. Includes applications of neoglycoconjugates in medicine (vaccine preparation, drug targeting and tumor diagnosis) Is a comprehensive survey of synthetic strategies Covers application of neoglycoconjugates in basic research
The Molecular Basis of Plant Genetic Diversity
The Molecular Basis of Plant Genetic Diversity presents chapters revealing the magnitude of genetic variations existing in plant populations. Natural populations contain a considerable genetic variability which provides a genomic flexibility that can be used as a raw material for adaptation to changing environmental conditions. The analysis of genetic diversity provides information about allelic variation at a given locus. The increasing availability of PCR-based molecular markers allows the detailed analyses and evaluation of genetic diversity in plants and also, the detection of genes influencing economically important traits. The purpose of the book is to provide a glimpse into the dynamic process of genetic variation by presenting the thoughts of scientists who are engaged in the generation of new ideas and techniques employed for the assessment of genetic diversity, often from very different perspectives. The book should prove useful to students, researchers, and experts in the area of conservation biology, genetic diversity, and molecular biology.
Italy for Sale
In the late nineteenth and early twentieth centuries, Italian Renaissance art, objects, and even the idea of Italy itself figured heavily both in the dynamic international art market and in the eyes of the general public. The alternative objects that were actively dispersed and collected -- authentic works, pastiches, Renaissance-inspired counterfeits, and reproductions -- in the diverse media of paint, plaster, terracotta, and photography, had a tremendous impact on visual culture across social strata. These essays examine less studied aspects of this market through the lens of just a few of the countless successful sales of objects out of Italy.
Vaccines and World Health
This timely work deals with the application of biotechnologic innovations to improve health throughout the world. The text focuses on the role of vaccines, existing and proposed, in preventing and controlling diseases in the poorer countries. It clarifies the interrelations of science, technology, economics, epidemiology, and other disciplines needed to take a vaccine from concept to reality. The particular concerns of each participating group are discussed with ways to minimize risks and hazards. This book is essential reading for laboratory investigators, primarily in the industrialized world, who generate the products of biotechnology; administrators of public health programs in developing countries; and the evaluators, managers, production specialists, and others who make the product "from the bench to the bush". Students of medicine, immunology, public health, public policy, development studies, and related fields will find this book invaluable.
