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The lighting of both exteriors and interiors is a field within electrical and lighting engineering, where important technological changes have been taking place oriented towards environmental sustainability and energy efficiency. LED technology has been gradually gaining ground in the world of lighting over other technologies due to its high lighting and energy efficiency and savings. However, some problems related to overheating or associated regulation are emerging. This has prompted the search for new, more efficient, and sustainable forms of lighting. This book presents successful cases related to energy efficiency and lighting that may be of great interest to those trying to enter the world of scientific research.
Protected cropping shelters crops from extreme climatic conditions by modifying the internal growing conditions in their favor. The technology has widely been used for vegetable crops in different climates such as temperate, tropical, subtropical, arid, and semi-arid regions. As climate change is projected to become more severe in the near future, the resulting adverse weather conditions such as higher temperatures, more frequent heatwaves, more variable rainfall patterns, and cyclones will affect vegetable production, in turn affecting crop growth, yield, produce quality, and economic return of growers. The demand for protected cultivation will increase to ensure sustainable production and a stable supply of fresh horticultural produce.
The broad vision of this book is to offer book lovers a comprehensive appraisal of topics in the global advancements of experimental facts, instrumentation, and practical applications of LED and OLED materials and their applications. The prime feature of this book is connected with LED and OLED materials approaches of fabrication, optimization limits, and their extensive technical applications. This book is comprised of seven chapters encompassing the importance of LEDs and OLEDs, the history of LEDs and OLEDs with necessary examples, the phototoxic-cum-bactericidal effect due to the usage of blue LED irradiation, DC network indoor and outdoor LED lighting, WLEDs with thermally activated del...
En los últimos años se ha venido introduciendo una tecnologÃa dentro de los dispositivos de iluminación que está generando grandes expectativas en cuanto a las prestaciones que ofrecen las nuevas lámparas basadas en diodos emisores de luz (LEDs).;Esta obra pretende ofrecer una amplia visión de la situación actual de esta revolución tecnológica y de las tendencias de futuro que introduce. Se explican de manera sencilla y asequible las principales caracterÃsticas que ofrecen tanto los LEDs individuales como las lámparas que los uti lizan para aplicaciones de iluminación general o decorativa. Se indican los distintos parámetros a tener en cuenta a la hora de elegir una lámpara LE...
El sistema educativo español, no sale muy bien parado en las evaluaciones que realiza cada tres años el informe PISA (Program for International Student Assessment) quedando claramente por debajo de la media europea. En este sentido, las crÃticas sobre el mismo achacan una educación mala y cara, no compensándose el gasto en inversión con los resultados obtenidos. Ello es debido en gran parte, a los continuos cambios legislativos que han producido una constante indefinición e inestabilidad en la estructura educativa, asà como a la falta de motivación estudiantil y el poco respeto mantenido hacia el profesorado. Ciertamente, la educación es uno de los derechos humanos consagrados en l...
The book about Non-bacterial toxins will cover those toxins that affect food safety and are produced by fungi (mycotoxins), cyanobacteria (cyanotoxins) and marine microalgae (phycotoxins). These three group of toxins affect food safety and drinking water quality at a global scale, and they pose three main challenges for scientists: 1) Climate change is causing a slow but steady change on the chemical profile of each of these groups, causing intoxications in areas that are geographically new to the intoxications map. For this reason, emerging toxins are a new topic that requires an important reallocation of resources to understand the new toxins trends, their toxicology, their analytical cont...
Las 'Siete Partidas', compendio jurÃdico recopilado por encargo de Alfonso X de Castilla (1221–1284), sientan las bases de un influyente concepto de gobierno monárquico. Estas se enmarcan en el periodo de impulso a la normalización jurÃdica caracterÃstico del siglo XIII en Europa Occidental ('Magna Carta', 'Espejo Sajón', 'Liber augustalis' e.a.). Coincidiendo con el 800 aniversario del nacimiento del Rey Sabio, el presente volumen (redactado principalmente en español con resúmenes detallados en inglés) reúne los estudios de especialistas internacionales que analizan los conceptos e instituciones polÃticos desarrollados en las 'Siete Partidas', asà como sus medios de transmisiÃ...
Over the last three decades, a significant amount of research has sought to relate educational institutions, policies, practices and reforms to social structures and agencies. A number of models have been developed that have become the basis for attempting to understand the complex relation between education and society. At the same time, national and international bodies tasked with improving educational performances seem to be writing in a void, in that there is no rigorous theory guiding their work, and their documents exhibit few references to groups, institutions and forces that can impede or promote their programmes and projects. As a result, the recommendations these bodies provide to...
Beginning with a reassessment of the 1920s and 30s, this text looks beyond a consideration of just the most successful Spanish playwrights of the time, and discusses also the work of directors, theorists, actors and designers.