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Perspectives And Challenges In Statistical Physics And Complex Systems For The Next Decade
Statistical Physics (SP) has followed an unusual evolutionary path in science. Originally aiming to provide a fundamental basis for another important branch of Physics, namely Thermodynamics, SP gradually became an independent field of research in its own right. But despite more than a century of steady progress, there are still plenty of challenges and open questions in the SP realm.In fact, the area is still rapidly evolving, in contrast to other branches of science, which already have well defined scopes and borderlines of applicability. This difference is due to the steadily expanding number of applications, as well as ongoing improvements and revisions of concepts and methods in SP. Suc...
The Physics of Foraging
Do the movements of animals, including humans, follow patterns that can be described quantitatively by simple laws of motion? If so, then why? These questions have attracted the attention of scientists in many disciplines, and stimulated debates ranging from ecological matters to queries such as 'how can there be free will if one follows a law of motion?' This is the first book on this rapidly evolving subject, introducing random searches and foraging in a way that can be understood by readers without a previous background on the subject. It reviews theory as well as experiment, addresses open problems and perspectives, and discusses applications ranging from the colonization of Madagascar by Austronesians to the diffusion of genetically modified crops. The book will interest physicists working in the field of anomalous diffusion and movement ecology as well as ecologists already familiar with the concepts and methods of statistical physics.
Connectionist Models of Neurons, Learning Processes, and Artificial Intelligence
Underlying most of the IWANN calls for papers is the aim to reassume some of the motivations of the groundwork stages of biocybernetics and the later bionics formulations and to try to reconsider the present value of two basic questions. The?rstoneis:“Whatdoesneurosciencebringintocomputation(thenew bionics)?” That is to say, how can we seek inspiration in biology? Titles such as “computational intelligence”, “arti?cial neural nets”, “genetic algorithms”, “evolutionary hardware”, “evolutive architectures”, “embryonics”, “sensory n- romorphic systems”, and “emotional robotics” are representatives of the present interest in “biological electronics” (bioni...
Mapping the Transnational World
A study of the structure, growth, and future of transnational human travel and communication Increasingly, people travel and communicate across borders. Yet, we still know little about the overall structure of this transnational world. Is it really a fully globalized world in which everything is linked, as popular catchphrases like “global village” suggest? Through a sweeping comparative analysis of eight types of mobility and communication among countries worldwide—from migration and tourism to Facebook friendships and phone calls—Mapping the Transnational World demonstrates that our behavior is actually regionalized, not globalized. Emanuel Deutschmann shows that transnational acti...
A Mathematical Medley
Describes in layman's terms mathematical problems that have recently been solved (or thought to have been solved), research that has been published in scientific journals, and mathematical observations about contemporary life. Anecdotal stories about the lives of mathematicians and stories about famous old problems are interspersed among other vignettes.
Stochastic Foundations in Movement Ecology
This book presents the fundamental theory for non-standard diffusion problems in movement ecology. Lévy processes and anomalous diffusion have shown to be both powerful and useful tools for qualitatively and quantitatively describing a wide variety of spatial population ecological phenomena and dynamics, such as invasion fronts and search strategies. Adopting a self-contained, textbook-style approach, the authors provide the elements of statistical physics and stochastic processes on which the modeling of movement ecology is based and systematically introduce the physical characterization of ecological processes at the microscopic, mesoscopic and macroscopic levels. The explicit definition of these levels and their interrelations is particularly suitable to coping with the broad spectrum of space and time scales involved in bio-ecological problems. Including numerous exercises (with solutions), this text is aimed at graduate students and newcomers in this field at the interface of theoretical ecology, mathematical biology and physics.
Physical Review
Publishes papers that report results of research in statistical physics, plasmas, fluids, and related interdisciplinary topics. There are sections on (1) methods of statistical physics, (2) classical fluids, (3) liquid crystals, (4) diffusion-limited aggregation, and dendritic growth, (5) biological physics, (6) plasma physics, (7) physics of beams, (8) classical physics, including nonlinear media, and (9) computational physics.
Villanások - A jövő kiszámítható
Vajon elkerülhető lett volna a Dózsa-féle parasztfelkelés? Van-e összefüggés a madarak röpte és az emberek mozgása között? Mennyire kiszámítható az emberi viselkedés? Megjósolható-e tudományos módszerekkel a jövő? Ezekre a kérdésekre is keresi a választ Barabási Albert-László, a hálózatok tudományának világhírű kutatója. Napjaink digitális eszközei a világot hatalmas kutatólaboratóriummá változtatták. A használatuk során hagyott elektronikus nyomok - a hangüzenetektől a netes rákeresésekig - olyan gazdag adatbázis összeállítását tették lehetővé, amilyet korábban elképzelni se tudtunk volna. Követhetővé vált a mozgásunk, a döntéseink, az egész életünk. Ezeknek a nyomoknak az elemzése fontos felfedezéshez vezetett: a véletlen korántsem uralja oly mértékben az életünket, mint ahogy eddig gondoltuk. A könyv ennek a meglepő kutatásnak az eredményeivel ismerteti meg az olvasót. Miközben elméletét magyar és egyetemes történelmi példákkal is alátámasztja, a szerző megmutatja, hol ér véget az emberi viselkedésben a spontaneitás, és hol kezdődik a kiszámíthatóság.
